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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is micro?
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branch of biology, small microbes
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microbiology
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the study of small organisms requiring a microsope to see
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pathogen
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a microbe that causes disease - only 1% of all known microbes are pathogens
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what are the 5 microbes
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bacteria, algae, fungi, protozoans, and viruses
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what are the functions of microbes?
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1. capture light energy and store it for others (photosynthetic)
2. decompose dead organixms and other wastes 3. make nitrogen available to plants from the air 4. beneficial to other organisms 5. food industry 6. synthesis of antibiotics 7. field of genetic engineering |
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antibiotics
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substances derived from 1 organism that kill or inhibit growth of other microorganisms
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field of genetic engineering
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the use of microbes to make things for us
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5 kingdom classification
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monera
protista plantae fungi animalia |
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prokaryotic
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no nuclear membrane
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eukaryotic
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nuclear membrane
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monera
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one celled
prokaryotic 3 shapes - round, rod, spiral found in all environments they can eat, they can decompose almost anything |
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protista
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divided into 2 parts - algae and protozoans
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algae
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most are single celled and therefore microscopic but some are larger and multi-cellular
nonpathogen they are of little medical importance |
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protozoans
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do contain some pathogens
single celled and microscopic nuclear membrane (eukaryotic) |
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plantae
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all are photosynthetic
no pathogens |
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fungi
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-yeasts, molds, and mushrooms
-one is unicellular (yeasts) and most part are multicellular -absorb nutrients from the environment from only dead organisms -some are pathogentic and others are the sources of antibiotics |
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viruses
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-not found in the five kingdoms because they are acellular - they are not composed of cells
-they are formed with only nucleic acid and protein - all there is to a virus -RNA and DNA -they reproduce only in living cells -all are pathogenic to something -there are viruses that only effect bacteria, there are viruses that only retain the ability to be infective |
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bacteriology
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study of bacteria
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phycology
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study of algae
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mycology
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study of fungi
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protozology
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study of protozoans
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virology
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study of virus
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parasitology
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study of parasitic worms
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greeks
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-noticed that there were person to person trasmission
-noticed that there was clothing to person transmission |
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romans
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-practiced biological warfare before battle - battles or wars were lost back in this time because of microbes
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robert hooke
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-devised the first lenses
-came up with the word cell |
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VanLeeuwenhoek
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-developed much better lenses with up to 300X magnification
-observed bacteria, protoxoa, fungi, and algae |
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Linneaus
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developed the binomial classification
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Redi
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devised some experiments to refute this theory of spontaneous generation
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Pasteur - pasteurization
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the process of heating to 56 degrees C for 30 minutes - does not sterilize but does reduce the number of microorganisms to around 30,000 per tsp
-kills pathogens |
