Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Organisms that use organic compounds of one sort or another as their carbon and energy sources
|
chemoorganotrophs
|
|
|
What is microbial nutrition?
|
Supplying cells with the chemical tools they need to make monomers.
|
|
|
Chemical tools equal?
|
nutrients
|
|
|
Name macronutrients
|
Carbon
Hydrogen Oxygen Nitrogen Phosphorus Sulfur Potassium Magnesium Sodium Calcium Iron (Fe2+ or Fe3+) |
|
|
Some prokaryotes are autotrophs, meaning what?
|
They buildall of theri organic structures from CO2 with energy from light or inorganic chemicals.
|
|
|
Dry weight carbon composition of a typical cell.
|
50%
|
|
|
Typical bacterial cell nitrogen composition
|
12% (dry weight)
|
|
|
What are different nitrogen sources for bacteria?
|
Most can use inorganic nitrogen as ammonia, many can use nitrate (NO3-) Certain "nitrogen fixing" bacteria are the only ones that can use N2.
|
|
|
Phosphorous used in cells for
|
synthesis of nucleic acids and phospholipids
|
|
|
Sulfur needs for microbe nutrition
|
structural role in amino acids cysteine and methionine
Present in vitamins thiamine, biotin, lipoic acid, coenzyme A |
|
|
Sulfur changes and origins
|
Usually originates from inorganic sulfate or sulfide SO4-- or HS-
Many transformations of sulfur carried out exclusively by microorgs. |
|
|
Who needs potassium
|
all organisms
many enzymes, specifically those for protein synthesis |
|
|
Magnesium uses
|
stabilize ribosomes and cell membranes and nucleic acids
required for many enzymes |
|
|
Calcium uses
|
not essential for growth of many microorgs.
helps stabilize bacterial cell walls helps with heat stability of endospores |
|
|
sodium
|
required by some but not all for growth
reflects habitat |
|
|
iron uses
|
major role in cellular respiration
major component of cytochromes and iron-sulfur proteins in electron transport |
