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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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A 70 yo woman has a fever, SOB, productive cough, chest pain and a thick yellow discharge in eyes. She is a smoker and 10 days ago had arthralgia, sore throat, fever and chills. What do you suspect?
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S aureus
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What is seen on PE in someone with S aureus infection?
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fever, tachycardia, tachypnea, decreased breath sounds, unilateral or B/L rales, erythematous palpebral conjunctiva with purulent exudate
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What does blood work show in someone with S aureus infection?
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leukocytosis and low pO2
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What are the most common organisms of secondary bacterial pneumonia?
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S pneumoniae and S aureus, but haemophilus or moraxella can be seen
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who is most susceptible to secondary bacterial pneumoniae?
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old people
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What are major causes of conjunctivitis?
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chlamydia trachomatis and S aureus
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How is S aureus characterized?
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gram + cocci that grow in grapelike clusters. They are nonmotile, nonspore forming and CATALASE POSITIVE
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What conditions are S aureus resistant to?
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temp has as high as 50C, high salt and desiccation
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Describe S aureus colonies?
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large (6-8mm), smooth, translucent, pigmented cream-yellow-orange colored
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What are the 3 medically important staph species?
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1) S aureus = coagulase +
2) S epidermidis = coagulase - 3) S saprophyticus = coagulase - and novobiocin resistant |
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What is a means used to determine S aureus infection in hospital?
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bound coagulase is a clumping factor that reacts with fibrinogen to produce organism aggregates or extracellular coagulase which reacts with prothrombin to form thrombin to convert fibrinogen to fibrin
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What is the reservoir of S aureus?
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human nasal carriers
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How can people get S aureus infection?
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both endogenously or exogenously
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What is the major mode S aureus causes pneumonia? What is other mode?
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1) aspiration
2) hematogenous via drug use |
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What does S aureus pneumonia typically proceed?
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the onset of influenza
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How does influenza help S aureus infect the lungs?
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it destorys ciliary defenses, which allows colonization of oppurtunistic infections
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What component of S aureus allows adherence to host cells?
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teichoic acid
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What is the hallmark of S aureus lung infection?
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abscess that consists of fibrin surrounded by inflamed tissue enclosing a core of pus in the lung alveoli
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Is S aureus a normal flora of the nares?
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yes
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How is S aureus treated?
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nafcillin for 2 weeks, but with resistance use vancomycin
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What can be given to help prevent S aureus pneumonia?
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influenza vaccine so that preliminary damage does not occur
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