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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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On a hot summer day a 49 yo man presents with a 1 week history of fever, muscle ache and malaise and SOB. He was recently camping in the desert in New Mexico. His blood pressure is low. what might he have?
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Sin Nombre virus
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What is another name of Sin Nombre virus?
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hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS)
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What is seen on PE and blood work of someone with Sin Nombre virus?
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1) hypotension, crackles, fever, tachycardia, tachypnea
2) leukocytosis, elevated bands and thrombocytopenia, low pO2 |
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What is seen on chest X ray of someone with Sin Nombre virus?
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interstitial edema with hilar indistinctness
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What family does Sin Nombre virus belong to?
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bunyavirus
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Where do all but one bunyavirus originate?
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arthropod, hantavirus is rodent borne
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What are the characteristics of hantavirus?
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enveloped spherical virus with triple-segmented circular -ssRNA, helically symmetrically capsid
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Where do Sin Nombre viruses replicate?
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in host cytoplasm
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Hantaan virus from Korea causes what?
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hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome that precedes pulmonary edema and DIC
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How is Sin Nombre virus diagnosed in the laboratory?
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detection of Hantavirus-specific IgM, rising titers of IgG, detection of specific RNA
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What is an example of a pan-American zoonosis?
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Sin Nombre virus
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Human infection with Sin Nombre virus is strongly associated with what?
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rodent urine or droppings
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How is Sin Nombre virus transmitted?
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inhalation
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Can Sin Nombre virus be transmitted by person to person contact?
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no
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Is Sin Nombre virus a risk for bioterrorism?
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yes
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What is the incubation period of hantavirus?
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1-5 weeks
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What do pathogenic hantaviruses have?
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b3 integrins
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What cytokines are involved in the pathogenesis of HPS? What immune cells do the damage?
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1) TNF and IL2
2) C8+ kill infected pneumocytes |
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What are the nonspecific prodrome symptoms of HPS? What follow prodrome symptoms?
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1) fever, chills, myalgia, headache, GI
2) B/L infiltrates and respiratory compromise (like ARDS) |
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On CBC what is seen with Hantavirus?
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thrombocytopenia and left shift with increased bands
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What is the early key marker you would look for in someone suspected of having Hantavirus?
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thrombocytopenia
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What is the treatment for Sin Nombre virus?
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supportive, give vasopressors,
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Why should someone suspected of having Sin Nombre virus be placed on broad spectrum antibiotics?
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placed on antibiotics until hantavirus is confirmed. septic shock from bacteria is far more common
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