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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Enterovirus (Coxsackie, Echovirus)
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Picorniviridae, Icosahedral, +ssRNA, No envelope
85% of all acute meningitis (fever, headache, stiff neck) Newborns succeptible |
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West Nile
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Flaviviridae, Icosahedral, +ssRNA, Yes Envelope
15% of all acute meningitis Arthropod vector |
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HSV1, HSV2
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Herpesviridae, Icosadeltahedral, dsDNA, yes envelope
lytic, persistent infections. 10 different glycoproteins on envelope for attachment. sensitive to acids |
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Mumps Virus
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Paramyxoviridae, Helical, Segmented -ssRNA, yes envelope
meningitis symptoms (headache, fever, vomit) 5 days after parotid swelling |
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Streptococcus pneumoniae
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Gram+, Diplococci, catalase-, alpha hemolysis in aerobic (green)
C-polysaccharide, F-antigen, phosphocholine, pneumolysin (pores in cells), igA protease |
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Neisseria meningitides
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Gram-, cocci pairs, catalase+, oxidase+, ferments glucose and maltose (whereas N. gonorrhea can only ferment glucose)
porins porA and porB, pili and flagella, lipooligosaccharide |
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Streptococcus agalactiae
(group B strep) |
-Gram+, cocci chains, catalase-,a hemolytic, Group B Lancefield antigen
-common in neonates (50%). Second most common neonate meningitis bacteria is E. coli (25%) |
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Haemophilus influezae
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Gram-, rod, generally aerobic, catalase+, oxidase+
grows as tiny colonies next to S. aureus (satellite phenomenon) because S. aureus produces Factor V and Factor X required for its growth |
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Listeria monocytogenes
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Gram+, short rods, catalase+, beta hemolytic, cAMP test+, motile, intracellular
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Staphylococcus epidermidis
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Gram+, cocci clusters, -catalase+, coagulase-, gamma hemolytic
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Cryptococcus neoformans
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Bird droppings, complain of bad cough weeks prior
Thick capsule with narrow buds Most common cause of chronic meningitits |
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Coccidioides immitis
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saprobic and parasitic phases
San Joaquin Fever arthroconidia released from hyphae, spherules germinate in body |
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Histoplasma Capsulatum
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Bird droppings
mycelia in soil, microconidia inhaled intracellular |
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Lyme chronic meningitis vs Syphillis (Treponema pallidum)
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Only Lyme contains CNS disease and CN nerve palsies
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Acanthamoeba vs Naegleria
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Acanthamoeba fast, Naegleria takes several weeks to evolve
Swimming in contaminated waters |
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Taenia solium
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Tapeworm, most common parasitic CNS disease. Hydrocephalus and meningitis
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Poliovirus
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Picorniviridae, Icosahedral, +ssRNA, no envelope, acid stable
entry via CD155, retrograde axonal transport. Viral protein 2A |
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HTLV-1
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deltaviridae, retroviridae, enveloped, spherical, +ssRNA
Genome components: Gag (capsid), Pol, Env, Tax tropical spastic paraparesis |
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Mycobacterium tuberculosis
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Acid fast, small bacillus, Pott's disease (extrapulmonary tuberculosis affecting the spine)
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Trypanosoma brucei (protozoa)
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gambiense (less severe)
rhodensie (more severe) African sleeping sickness carried by Tsetse fly Obligate parasites with insect vector and mamallian host |
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Psuedomonas Aeruginosa
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Gram -, anaerobic, rod, McConkey or blood agar
Long term catheterization/IV drug users osteomyelitis |
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Staphylococcus Aureus (CA-MRSA)
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Gram +, PRSA (bla), ORSA (mecA, Pbp2A), VRSA (TN1546)
children (metaphysis), adults (spine), elderly (pelvis), IV drug users, catheters ,hemodialysis |
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Streptococcus Pneumoniae (OM)
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Group B strep/E Coli (neonates)
Gram + |
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Salmonella
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Gram -, rod, faculttative, flagella
sickle cell (long bone and septic arthritis) |
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Mycobacterium
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Acid fast, rod, aerobic.
HIV/IV drug users (sternoclavicular, sternochondro, sacroiliac). Vertebral osteomyelitis (Pott's disease) |
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Enterococcus
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G+, 75% are vanR resistant
facultative, Bile esculin osteomyelitis |
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Blastomyces dermatitidis
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Broad buds
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Sporothrix Schenkii
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daisy petal or cigar shaped
get with gardening |
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Paracoccidiodes
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Multiple buds
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Rhabdovirus
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Non-segmented -SSRNA, bullet shaped, helical, enveloped
G N L NS M (NS L polymerase) saliva transmission prodromal (malaise, anorexia, headache, photophobia) acute neurologic (sympathetic overactivity) |
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JC virus
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polyomavirus, nonenveloped, icosahedral, ds circular DNA
PML (paralysis, vision loss, imparied speech, poor coordination) - demyelination of oligodendrocyte |
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Trypanosomiasis
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Ulcer at fly bite, anemia, winterbottom sign (cervical lymph nodes) - extreme topor and go into coma and then die
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