Microbiology Review 1.0

Front 1

All of the following contribute to the rise of emerging disease except..

Back 1

the decrease in drug resistant bacteria

Front 2

When assigning a scientific name to an organism

Back 2

both genus and species names are italicized or underlined

Front 3

Which of the following is not a process in the scientific method?

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belief in a preconceived idea

Front 4

Which of the following disease is transmitted by mosquitoes?

Back 4

malaria

Front 5

When microbes are introduced into the environment to restore stability, the process is called

Back 5

bioremediation

Front 6

Disease-causing microorganisms are called

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pathogens

Front 7

A scientist discovers a new microbial species. It is a single-celled eukaryote without cell walls. In which kingdom will it likely be classified?

Back 7

protista

Front 8

Koch's postulates are criteria used to establish that

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a specific microbe is the cause of a specific disease.

Front 9

Which of the following are the main decomposers of the earth?

Back 9

bacteria and fungi

Front 10

The micoorganisms that recycle nutrients by breaking down dead matter and wastes are called

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decomposers

Front 11

The most common infectious cause of death worldwide is

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HIV / AIDS

Front 12

In Whittaker's system, the protozoa and algae are classified in the kingdom

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Protista

Front 13

Which of the following is a scientific name?

Back 13

Bacillus subtilis

Front 14

Pasteur used swan-neck flasks in his experiments to that

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dust in air was a source of living microorganisms

Front 15

Where are you most likely to find bacteria belonging to the domain Anchaea?

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in a hot spring

Front 16

All of the following pertain to photosynthesis except

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it occurs only in members of the kingdom Plantae

Front 17

Helminths are

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parasitic worms

Front 18

Which kingdom does not contain any eukaryotes?

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Monera

Front 19

All microorganism are best defined as organisms that

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are too small to be seen with the unaided eye.

Front 20

The Dutch merchant who made and used quality magnifying lenses to see and record microorganisms was

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Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek

Front 21

Which activity is an example of biotechnology?

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humas using yeast to make beer and wine

Front 22

The microorganisms that do not have a nucleus in the their cells are called

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prokaryotes

Front 23

The smallest and most significant taxon is

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species

Front 24

Taxonomy does not involve

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Koch's postulates

Front 25

A scientific studying the sequence of nucleotides in the rRNA of a bacterial species is working on

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deremining evolutionary relatedness

Front 26

The study of evolutionary relationships among organisms is called

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phylogeny

Front 27

Select the correct descending taxonomic hierarchy (left to right):

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family, genus, species

Front 28

The surgeon who advocated using disinficatants on hands and in the air prior to surgery was

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Joseph Lister

Front 29

Which of the following is a unique characteristic of viruses that distinguishes them from the other major groups of microorganisms?

Back 29

lack cell structrure

Front 30

Which of the following is a taxon that contains all the other taxa listed?

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Kingdom

Front 31

Two or more atoms bonded together are called a

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molecule

Front 32

The neutrons of an atom are

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found in the nucleus

Front 33

If carbon has an atomic number of 6 and an atomic mass of 14, how many neutrons does it have

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8

Front 34

The nucleic acid that delivers the correct amino acids for protein synthesis is

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tRNA

Front 35

Which of the following represents a synthesis reaction?

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A + B → AB

Front 36

What part of a phospholipid forms a hydrophobic tails?

Back 36

fatty acids

Front 37

The polynucleotide strands of DNA are linked along their length by ____ bonds between the bases.

Back 37

hydrogen

Front 38

All of the following are correct about triglycerides except

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when they are unsaturated they are solid

Front 39

ATP is best described as

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the energy molecule of cells

Front 40

Which of the following would have glycosidic bonds?

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polysaccharides

Front 41

Jim neesds to prepare one liter of a 4% NaCl solution. How much NaCl should he weight out?

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40 grams

Front 42

Cations are

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capable of forming ionic bonds with anions

Front 43

An amino acid contains all of the following except

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a nitrogen base

Front 44

A solution of pH 7 compared to a solution of pH 9

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has more H+ ions.

Front 45

The electrons of an atom are

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moving in pathways called orbitals

Front 46

A monosaccharide with 5 carbon atoms will have __ hydrogen atoms and __ oxygen atoms.

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10, 5

Front 47

C6 H12 O6 + C6 H12 O6 → C12 H22 O11 + H2 O represents

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dehyration synthesis

Front 48

The building blocks of an enzyme are

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amino acids

Front 49

Which term does not belong in this list?

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pH 8

Front 50

Which of the following is the stored form of carbohydrates in animals?

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glycogen

Front 51

Reactions involving electron release are called

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oxidation

Front 52

All of the following are polysacchardies except

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prostaglandins in inflammation

Front 53

Which of the following functional groups is mismatched to the organic compound?

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phosphate - carbohydrates

Front 54

A weak, attractive force between nearby molecules is called a

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hydrogen bond

Front 55

The subatomic particles that surround the nucleus are the

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electrons

Front 56

Which amino acid contains sulfur atoms that form covalent disulfide bonds in its tertiary structure?

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cysteine

Front 57

Isotopes are atoms of the same element that differ in their

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neutron number

Front 58

The α helix and β-pleated sheet are examples of

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secondary structure

Front 59

A student forgot to label a beaker containing a DNA solution and a beaker containing a glucose solution, If chemical analysis was perfomed to identify the contents of each beaker, which of the following would be found in the beaker of DNA but not in the beaker with glucose?

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nitrogen and phosphorus

Front 60

The type of chemical bond linking amino acids together is a

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peptide bond

Front 61

All of the following are correct about agar except

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it is a source of nutrition for bacteria

Front 62

For which bacterial genus is mannitol salt agar selective?

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Staphylococcus

Front 63

This microscope is the most widely used and shows cells against a bright background

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bright-field

Front 64

A microbiologist decides to use a nutrient medium that contains thioglycollic acid. What type of microbe is she attempting to culture?

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anaerobe

Front 65

Brain-heart infusion, trypticase soy agar (TSA) and nutrient agar are all examples of which type of media?

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nonsynthetic

Front 66

A pure culture contains only

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one species of microorganism

Front 67

A nutrient medium that has all of its chemical components identified and their precise concentrations known and reproducible would be termed

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synthetic

Front 68

The primary purpose of staining cells on a microscope slide is to

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add contrast in order to see them better

Front 69

A microbiologist inoculates Staphylococcus epidermidis and Escherichia coli into a culture medium. Following incubation, only the E. coli grows in the culture. What is the most likely explanation?

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The culture medium must be selective

Front 70

This microscope achieves the greatest resolution and highest magnification:

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electron

Front 71

All of the following pertain to the fluorescence microscope except it

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uses electrons to produce a specimen image

Front 72

Which method often results in colonies developing down throught the agar and some colonies on the surface?

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pour plate

Front 73

Which of the following puts the Five "I"s in their correct order?

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inoculation, incubation, isolation, inspection, identification

Front 74

The term that refers to the purposeful addition of microorganisms into a laboratory nutrient medium is

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inoculation

Front 75

Which of the following media is useful for cultivating fungi?

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Sabouraud's agar

Front 76

Which of the following characteristics refers to the microscope's ability to show two separate entities as separate and distinct?

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resolving power

Front 77

This microscope does not use light in forming the specimen image:

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electron

Front 78

All of the following are examples of different types of microbiological media except

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petri dish

Front 79

Which is incorrect about chocolate agar?

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It has chocolate extract in it

Front 80

Which type of media can be used to determine if a bacteria is motile?

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SIM

Front 81

A reducing medium contains

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substance that remove oxygen

Front 82

A common medium used for growing fastidious bacteria is

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blood agar

Front 83

A microbiologist makes a fixed smear of bacterial cells and stains them with Loeffler's methylene blue. All the cells appear blue under the oil lens. This is an example of

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simple staining

Front 84

The wavelength of light used plus the numberical aperture governs

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resolution

Front 85

Basi dyes are

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attracted to the acidic substances of bacterial cells.

Front 86

The Gram stain, acid-fast stain and endospore stain have the following in common:

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are differential stains

Front 87

Which of the following magnifies the specimen to produce the real image of the specimen?

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objective lens

Front 88

All of the following are diameters of cells that would be resolved in a microscope witha limit of resolution of 0.2μm except

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0.3μm

Front 89

Media that contains extracts from plants, animals or yeasts are

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complex

Front 90

Which type of medium is able to distinguish different species or types of microorganisms based on an observable change in the colonies or in the medium?

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differential

Front 91

Bacteria with small bunches of flagella emerging from the same site are said to be

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lophotrichous

Front 92

Which term is not used to describe bacterial cell shapes?

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vibrio

Front 93

A bacterial genus that has waxy mycolic acid in the cell walls is

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Mycobacterium

Front 94

The bacterial chromosome

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All of the choices are correct

Front 95

Bacterial endospores are not produced by

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Staphylococcus

Front 96

Chemical analysis of a bacterial cell structure detects calcium dipicolinic acid. What is the identity of this structure?

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endospore

Front 97

The site for most ATP synthesis in prokaryotic cells is the

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cell membrane

Front 98

All of the following structures contribute to the ability of pathogenic bacteria to cause disease except

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inclusions

Front 99

Lysozyme, an enzyme found in tears, provides a natural defense against bacteria by

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hyrdolyzing peptidoglycan in cell walls

Front 100

The term that refers to the presence of flagella all over the cell surface is

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peritrichous

Front 101

All bacterial cells have

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a chromosome

Front 102

The difference in cell wall structure of Mycobaterium and Nocardia compared to the typical gram positive bacterial cell wall sturcture is

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predominace of unique, waxy, lipids

Front 103

A bacterail cell exhibiting chemotaxis probably has

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flagella

Front 104

If bacteria living in salty seawater are displaced to a freshwater enviroment, the cell structure that would prevent the cell from rupturing is

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cell wall

Front 105

The transfer of genes during bacterial conjucation invloves rigid, tubular appendages called

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sex pili

Front 106

Endospores are

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all of the choices are correct

Front 107

All of the following are correct about a slime layer except

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it plays a role in cell motility

Front 108

A procaryotic cell wall that has primarily peptidoglycan with small amounts of teichoic acid and lipoteichoic acid is

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gram postitive

Front 109

Which of the following, pertaining to prokaryotic cell membranes, is mismatched?

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unique hydrocarbon present - cyanobacteria

Front 110

Which statement is not a characteristic of biofilms?

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They involve bacteria only

Front 111

The short, numerous appendages used by some bacterial cells for adhering to surfaces are called

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fimbriae

Front 112

The presence of thylakoids, phycocyanin, gas inclusions and cysts would be associated with

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cyanobacteria

Front 113

An important indicator of evolutionary relatedness is to determine

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nitrogen base sequence or rRNA

Front 114

Magnetosomes are

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composed of magnetic iron oxide particles

Front 115

The most immediate result of destruction of a cell's ribosomes would be

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protein synthesis would stop

Front 116

Which phylum is mismatched?

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Actinobateria - waxy acid fast walls

Front 117

All of the following are correct about biofilms except

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they are harmless aggregations of microbes

Front 118

The functions of bacterial endospores is

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for protection of genetic material during harsh conditions

Front 119

When a rod shaped bacteria is short and plump, it is called a

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coccobacillus

Front 120

Lipopolysaccharide is an important cell wall component of

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gram negative bacteria

Front 121

Fungal spores

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are used to identify fungi

Front 122

When a eukaryotic cell is not undergoing mitosis, the DNA and its associated protiens appear as a visible thread-like mass called the

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chromoatin

Front 123

The cytoskeleton

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all of the choices are correct

Front 124

Eukaryotic flagella differ from prokaruotic flagella because only eukaryotic flagella

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contains microtubules

Front 125

Cilia are found in certain

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protozoa

Front 126

Which of the following is found in eukaryotic cells but not in prokaryotic cells?

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All of the choices are correct.

Front 127

The stacks of thylakoids in a chloroplast are called

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grana

Front 128

The group of protozoa that have flagella are the

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mastigophora

Front 129

The eukaryotic cell organelle that most resembles a baterial cell is the

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mitochondria

Front 130

Histones are

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protiens associated with DNA in the nucleus

Front 131

The organelle involved in intracellular digestion of food particles is the

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lysosomes

Front 132

Which is mistmatched

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Pyrrophyta - euglenids

Front 133

Which of the following spores are sexually produced?

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zygospores

Front 134

An organelle that is a stack of flattened membranous sacs and functions to receive, modify, and package proteins for cell secretions is the

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Golgi apparatus

Front 135

Sources for human infection with worms are all of the following except

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contaminated air

Front 136

A mold is observed to have asexual conidia, sexual spores within a sac, and septate hyphae. It is most likely classified in the

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Ascomycota

Front 137

The eukaryotic cell's glycocalyx is

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mostly polysaccharide

Front 138

All of the following are correct about helminthes except

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they generally make only a few eggs per day.

Front 139

Protists include

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algae and protozoa

Front 140

The smooth endoplasmic reticulum functions in synthesis of ______

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lipids

Front 141

Protists with contractile vacuoles

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use them to expel excess water from the cell

Front 142

Which of the following does not pertain to helminths?

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in kingdom Protista

Front 143

Larvae and eggs are developmental forms of

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helminths

Front 144

All of the following are helminths except

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trypoanosomes

Front 145

Both fish and humans develop neurological symptoms and bloody skin lesions due to a sudden "bloom" of this algea

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Pfiesteria piscida

Front 146

Which is mismatched?

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Plasmodium - causes Chagas disease

Front 147

Which of the following is the cause of malaria?

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Plasmodium

Front 148

Blooms of certain dinoflagellates are associated with all of the following except

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euglenids

Front 149

Which of the following are present in viruses?

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none of the above

Front 150

Which of the following spores are produced with a sac?

Back 150

sporangiospores