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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Mention a worm species for which ab ano ad os auto-reinfection is characteristic in
childhood! |
Enterobius vermicularis
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Mention 2 worm species that migrate through the human lungs in the larval stage!
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Ascaris lumbricoides
Ancylostoma duodenale Necator americanus Strongyloides stercoralis |
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Which protozoa may infect the human foetus transplacentally?
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Toxoplasma gondii
Plasmodium species |
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What is the laboratory diagnosis of malaria?
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Giemsa-stained blood smears. Thick smear is used to screen for the agent, thin smear is
used to identify the species. |
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How long is the erytrocytic cycle of Plasmodium vivax and P. ovale?
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48 hours
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How long is the erytrocytic cycle of Plasmodium malariae?
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72 hours
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What is the causative agent of malignant malaria?
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Plasmodium falciparum
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Mention an antimalarial drug active against hypnozoites!
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Primaquin
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How can one diagnose the African sleeping sickness disease?
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Giemsa-stained blood smears are used for direct demonstration
Serology may be helpful |
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What are the causative agents of African sleeping sickness?
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Trypanosoma brucei gambiense and rhodesiense
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How can one diagnose amebic dysenetery?
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Microscopic demonstration of E. histolytica cysts and trophozoites from feces
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How can one diagnose Trichomonas vaginalis infection?
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Direct demonstration of protozoa in wet mount or stained smear of clinical specimens
(vaginal, urethral or prostatic secretions). |
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How can one diagnose intestinal taeniasis?
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Demonstration of characteristic proglottis and eggs (ova) in faeces.
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How can one diagnose Hymenolepis infection?
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Demonstration of eggs (ova) in faeces
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How can one diagnose Ascaris infection?
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Demonstration of eggs (ova) in faeces
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How can one diagnose trichuriasis?
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Demonstration of eggs (ova) in faeces
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How can one diagnose Enterobius infection?
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Demonstration of eggs (ova) recovered from perianal skin (Scotch tape technique). Not
from feces! |
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Mention 4 tissue infecting filarial nematodes!
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Wuchereria bancrofti
Loa loa Oncocerca volvulus Dracunculus medinensis |
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How is human Fasciola hepatica infection acquired?
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By eating aquatic vegetation containing encysted larvae
(Rarely: by eating raw sheep liver containing adult worms) |
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What disease is caused if humans are infected per os with Taenia solium eggs?
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human cysticercosis (encysted larvae in brain, eyes, etc.)
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How is human Trichinella spiralis infection acquired?
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By eating raw or undercooked meat containing encysted larvae
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Mention 2 protozoa that are susceptible to metronidazol!
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Entamoeba histolytica
Giardia lamblia Trichomonas vaginalis |
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What are the modes of transmission for human Toxoplasma gondii infection?
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Eating undercooked meat containing tissue cysts,
Contact with cat feces containing oocysts Transplacental transmission |
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Mention 2 helminths whose larvae enter the human body by penetratring the intact
skin! |
Schistosoma
Ancylostoma duodenale Necator americanus Strongyloides stercoralis |
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Which developmental form of Echinococcus granulosus can occur in humans?
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Hydatid cyst
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What is the definitive (ultimate) host of Echinococcus granulosus?
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dog
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Which species are the causative agents of malaria?
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Plasmodium vivax, P. ovale, P. malariae, P. falciparum
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What is the definitive (ultimate) host of Plasmodium species?
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female Anopheles mosquito
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What are the definitive, and the intermediate hosts of Taenia saginata, respectively?
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definitive host: human
intermediate host: cattle |
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What is the infectious form of Strongyloides stercoralis?
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filariform larva
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What is the infectious form of Trichuris trichiura?
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embryonated egg
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Which form of Taenia saginata is infectious for humans?
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cysticercus (in beef)
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Is autoreinfection possible in Ascaris lumbricoides infection? If yes, when?
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No, the eggs must mature in the soil for several days to become infectious
(embryonated) |
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Is autoreinfection possible in Strongyloide stercoralis infection? If yes, when?
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yes, in immunosuppression (for example: AIDS)
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Is autoreinfection possible in Enterobius vermicularis infection? If yes, when?
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yes, the eggs become infectious in a few hours, and ab ano ad os autoinfection may
occur (especially in children) |
