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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Definition: A process that kills or eliminates all types of micro-organisms, including spores
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Sterilization
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Definition: A process that kills or removes many micro-organisms, excluding spores
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Disinfection
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T/F: Sterilization kills spores
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True
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T/F: Sterilization kills prions
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False
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T/F: Disinfection kills spores
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False
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Order from Most Resistant to killing to Least Resistant:
Gram + bacteria Gram - bacteria Mycobacteria Prions Spores Viruses |
Prions
Spores Mycobacteria Gram + Gram - Viruses |
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What are two general methods of microbial control?
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physical and chemical methods
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Dry heat, autoclave, Ionizing ray and Filtration are all part of what method of microbial control?
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physical method
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Name four physical methods of sterilization
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Dry heat, autoclave, Ionizing ray and Filtration
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Name two chemical methods of sterilization
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Ethylene oxide (Gas sterilization)
and Glutaraldehyde |
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What are the specifications of Dry heat Sterilization
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160 degrees C for 2 hr
170 degrees C for 1 hr |
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What are the specifications for autoclave sterilization?
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121 degrees C at 15 psi for 15-20 minutes
or 134 degrees C at 30 psi for 3 min. |
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What is the most commonly used and efficient method of sterilization in dentistry?
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autoclave
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How does ethylene oxide sterilization work?
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Ethylene oxide is an alkylating agent that damages proteins and nucleic acids
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When is Ethylene oxide sterilization used?
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For heat and water sensitive objects
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How long does Ethylene oxide sterilization take to complete?
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3-12 hours to sterilize and 8-12 hours to evaporate the gas
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The cold sterilizer
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Glutaraldehyde
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How do you do glutaraldehyde sterilization?
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submerge object for 10 hrs in 2% glutaraldehyde
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How does glutaraldehyde kill bacteria?
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It is an alkalizing agent (very basic)
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How is sterilization assurance best determined?
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by culturing bacterial spores (usually non-pathogenic Bacillus spores)
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What are two sterilization assurance products used
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Spore strips and self-contained spores
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What are four chemicals used to disinfect?
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Formaldehyde, alcohol, oxidizing agents, and quaternary ammonium compounds
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most widely used antiseptic
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alcohol
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Difference between disinfectants and antiseptics
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Disinfectants destroy microorganisms in non-living objects. Antiseptics destroy them on living tissue
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How is milk pasteurized
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by heating to 63 degrees for 30 minutes
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The goal of this process is to achieve a logarithmic reduction of organisms in the solution
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pasteurization
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This process aims to destroy harmful bacteria without changing the composition, flavor, or nutritive value of the liquid
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Pasteurization
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