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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the two kingdoms of fungal classification?
What phyla are included in Kingdom "Fungi"? Which phyla is the most important? What genera make it the most important? |
Fungi and Stramenopila (actually a phylum under Kingdom Alveolata?)
Chytridiomycota, Zygomycota, Ascomycota, and Basidiomycota. Ascomycota is most important; genera such as candida, penicillium, saccharomyces, aspergillus, Pneumocystis, Neurospora |
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What phylum includes marine, fresh water, and soil fungi?
It's cell walls lack BLANK. Members of this group are responsible for... |
Chytridiomycota
Cellulose plant diseases such as potato wart |
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What phylum includes members that can reproduce sexually or asexually?
What bread molding fungus is a member of this phylum? |
Zygomycota
Rhizopus stolonifer |
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Which phylum includes members that grow in a wide variety of habitats?
What is a saclike structure formed during sexual reproduction? What are important genera of this phylum? |
Ascomycota
ascus Aspergillus, Penicillium, Candida, Sacchromyces, Pneumocystis, Neurospora |
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What Ascomycota genus causes aspergillosis?
What is aspergillosis? What is Aspergillus flavus? Aflatoxin is a BLANK that is associated with animal feed and monitored for in peanuts. |
Aspergillus
causes inflammatory granulomatous lesions in the skin, external ear, nasal cavities, and lungs. It produces aflatoxin, which when ingested, can produce liver damage. mycotoxin |
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What is the specific organism that causes pulmonary aspergillosis (severe) that can spread to another organs?
What is a lethal does of aflatoxin that if ingested causes liver/renal damage? What specific organism ferments soy sauce and does NOT produce aflatoxin? |
Aspergillus fumigatus
Lethal dose: LD50 --> 0.5mg/kg Aspergillus soyae |
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Pfizer made BLANK BLANK from fermentation involving aspergillus. It sequesters BLANK molecules and lowers BLANK.
BLANK (secondary metabolite) is made from Aspergillus terreus. What does it do? |
citric acid; iron; pH
Lovastatin; controls cholesterol |
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What is a genus of Ascomycota that causes cadidiasis?
What is candidiasis? It's found all over the world, but what makes it cause problems? |
Candida
an infection that results in lesions in the mouth, vagina, skin, bronchi or lungs a shift causes problems |
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What is a genus of Ascomycota used extensively to make beer, wine, bioethanol, and in the baking industry?
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Sacchromyces
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What is a genus of Ascomycota that is used in the cheese industry and antibiotic production?
It is rarely BLANK. Describe the process to make a 200,000 liter (50,000 gallon) fermentation of penicillin. DONT MEMORIZE. |
Penicillium
pathogenic 1. start with 5*10^3 spores per mL. 2. takes 6-8 days 3. yield of penicillin runs at 90% 4. add sidechain compound (phenoxyacetic acid) 5. Tank: 6-8 days, then filter, then solvent extract the mixture, further purify with charcoal extraction, crystallize the antibiotic from the broth, wash and then dry. |
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Members of what phylum include rusts, smuts and poisonous mushrooms?
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Basidiomycota
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What phlya are included in kingdom Stramenopila?
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Oomycota, Hypochytriomycota, Labyrinthulomycota
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Which phylum of Stramenopila are known as water molds?
They have been responsible for a variety of intense plants diseases such as... |
Oomycota
potato plight and downy mildew in grapes |
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Slime molds are sometimes classfied as BLANK or BLANK.
Their vegetative forms lack a BLANK BLANK and their vegetative structures resemble BLANK. They produce BLANK bodies and typical fungal BLANK. Some of the members of these phyla have vegetative structures consisting of protoplasmic masses called BLANK. Some produce BLANK BLANK fruiting bodies. |
fungi or protozoans
cell wall; amoebas fruiting; spores “plasmodia” colorful stalked |
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The Protozoa Heterotrophic BLANK organisms, many of which are BLANK and all are BLANK.
Found in many environments and play an important role in... Some cause BLANK in man. |
unicellular; motile; nonphotosynthetic
decomposition of organic matter diseases |
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Protozoa structure lacks BLANK BLANK, but they do have a protective cell envelope called either a shell, BLANK, or BLANK.
This outer covering may consist of BLANK and BLANK. They possess membrane bound organelles in their cytoplasm such as... They ingest materials by BLANK (liquids) and BLANK (particulate materials). |
cell wall; test or pellicle
silica and calcium carbonate Golgi complexes, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and nuclei pinocytosis and phagocytosis |
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How do protozoans reproduce?
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Asexual by binary fission or sexually in 4 different methods
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What is a Subkingdom in the kingdom Protista?
How many species does it contain? |
Protozoa
65,000 |
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What is a phylum of kingdom Protista who members are motile by flagella, pseudopodia, or both?
It has a BLANK type of nucleus and BLANK reproduction. What are 3 members of this phylum? |
Sarcomastigophora
Single; sexual Trypanosoma gambiense, Giardia lamblia, and Trichomonas vaginalis |
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What are 3 members of phlyum Sarcomastigophora?
Name the diseases they cause and how they are transmitted. Describe of extra details of these organims (DONT memorize). |
1. Trypanosoma gambiense causes African sleeping sickness and is transmitted by the tsetse fly.
2. Giardia lamblia is an intestinal parasite acquired through drinking water. 3. Trichomonas vaginalis is the cause of trichomoniasis, a genital tract infection. --EXTRA-- Giardia lamblia --Intestinal tract parasite --occurs in poorly treated water --two life cycles: trophoczite and cyst --nonbloody foul smelling diarrhea --cramps but no fever --treated with flagyl Trichomonas vaginalis --urogential --transmitted sexually --20-50% of females in US harbor it due to loss of vaginal acidity --frequency of disease is highest in females in 30s and drops off in females post menopasual --green discharge and burning sensation --treated with flagyl males ID by urethal swab |
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What phylum of kingdom Chromalveolata results in human diseases such as malaria?
Which genus causes malaria? What are the effects of malaria? How is it treated? Which genus causes congenital defects? |
Apicomplexa
Plasmodium Malaria causes high fevers and brain/kidney damage; It is treated with chloroquine Toxoplasma |
