Microbiology Final Lab Additional

Front 1

What things affect the taste of wine

Back 1

tannins and polyphenols

Front 2

Back 2

Front 3

true of false

Antibodies are bivalent, Y-shaped molecules.

Back 3

true

Front 4

true of false

Antibodies are composed of two heavy chains and two light chains bound by disulfide linkages

Back 4

true

Front 5

true of false

Antibodies can react with multivalent antigens to form a lattice network.

Back 5

true

Front 6

Precipitation =

Back 6

A bivalent antibody reacts with a multivalent antigen that is soluble (e.g. a protein or carbohydrate) and forms a lattice network of alternating Ab-Ag. A precipitation was formed in the Ouchterlony gel diffusion experiment

Front 7

Agglutination =

Back 7

A bivalent antibody reacts with a multivalent antigen that is insoluble: particulate or cellular (e.g. bacteria, viruses, tumor cells, foreign red blood cells etc..) and forms a lattice network of alternating Ab-Ag. An agglutination is demonstrated by hemagglutination seen in blood typing

Front 8

Rh factor =

Back 8

This refers to a protein found on the surface of red blood cells called RhD. Some people have it (Rh+) and some don’t (Rh-). A person who has type A blood and is Rh+, has A+ blood.

Front 9

If an ___ woman is carrying a child of an ___ man, after the first pregnancy she may begin to produce antibodies to the Rh factor. If not treated with Rhogam than this can be a problem in subsequent pregnancies, as the mother may produce antibodies against the unborn child if it is Rh+.

Back 9

RH-

RH+

Front 10

what is this

Back 10

basophil

Front 11

what is this

Back 11

neutrophils

Front 12

what is this

Back 12

eosinophils

Front 13

how to remember abundance of white blood cells

Back 13

never let monkeys eat bananas

neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte, eosinophil, basophil

Front 14

what is this

Back 14

monocyte

important

Front 15

Back 15

Front 16

All coliforms are normal flora bacteria that are present in the

Back 16

GI tract of every warm blooded animal

Front 17

Coliforms are Gram____, ____-spore forming rods that are aerobic or facultatively anaerobic. All are _____

Back 17

negative
non
lactose fermenters.

Front 18

what does PA stand for and what does this qualitative test measure

Back 18

To simply determine if coliforms are present, the presence absence test (PA test) can be used. This is a qualitative test that can detect a single coliform in a 100 mL water sample. The broth contains lactose and a pH indicator

turns from purple to yellow if positive

Front 19

what is the membrane filtration method

Back 19

To determine the number (quantitative) of coliforms present, the membrane filtration method can be used. Endo medium inhibits the growth of Gram-positive organisms (What selective ingredients do this??). It also differentiates between coliforms that ferment lactose (red or dark pink colonies) and those that don’t (light, colorless colonies).

Front 20

what is the multiple tube fermentation method

Back 20

determines, quantitatively, how many coliforms are present. This test has three stages. The first stage is the quantitative stage, the other two are merely confirming that a coliform has been identified

Front 21

in the IMViC test (Indole, methyl Red, VP and Citrate) test what is reading for fecal coliform

and nonfecal coliform

Back 21

+ + - -

- - + +

Front 22

Streptomyces

Back 22

a. belongs to the bacterial group called Actinomycetes.
b. has filamentous growth (looks like a fungus but is not).
c. Produce geosmin, a compound that gives soils their earthy odor.
d . is a source of antibiotics (e.g. streptomycin)
e . can be isolated using Jensen’s molten agar.

Front 23

Molds -

Back 23

Generally found in well-aerated soils and most are saprophytes. Often capable of digesting complex polysaccharides such as cellulose.
b. Selected for using Martin’s molten agar. This agar contains two selective ingredients: Rose Bengal dye and streptomycin that inhibit the growth of non-mold soil organisms.

Front 24

Azotobacter and Rhizobium were the two N2 fixing genera discussed in class

what is the difference between how they live

Back 24

Rhizobium is a symbiotic organism of root nodules but Azotobacter is free living which is why we were able to isolate it from soil using nitrogen-free media.

azotobacter can form cysts

Front 25

Lactococcus is used in the production of___cheese and Lactobacillus in the production of ___cheese

Back 25

hard
soft

Front 26

Streptococcus is used to make

Back 26

sour cream and yogurt

Front 27

Acetobacter is used in the production of

Back 27

vinegar

Front 28

The two types of food-borne disease are

Back 28

food infections and food intoxications

food infection is when the microorganism itself is living inside causing infection

food intoxication is when a chemical produced by a microorganism is ingested

Front 29

Used to detect the amount of Lactobacillus present in saliva.
2. Attempts to positively correlate the amount of Lactobacillus with susceptibility to cavities

Back 29

Snyder's Test for Susceptibility of Dental Caries

Front 30

yogurt is made with this ration of these bacteria

Back 30

1:1 ratio of Streptococcus thermophilis and Lactobacillus bulgaricus