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14 Cards in this Set
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- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Case Study: Patient presented with scratchy throat, sneezing, runny nose.
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Rhinovirus
Common Cold |
Antibodies bind to surface of rhinovirus and block attachment to cell surface.
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Case Study: difficult-to-isolate, looks like crown from glycoprotein spikes. Symptoms include cold-like symptoms.
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Coronavirus
Common cold |
Can cause other infections
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Case Study: Toddler presents with loud barking cough that worsens at night. Mucus accumulation and hoarseness apparent, with recurrent episodes.
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Parainfluenza virus
Bronchitis, Croup in toddlers, laryngotracheobronchitis |
ssRNA, capsid spikes adhere to cell
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The patient first showed signs of upper respiratory disease like rhinitis, pharyngitis, and otitis media. Later, coughing, wheezing, dyspnea, and rales. the 86-year old patient then grew worse. The infant patient was infected also.
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Respiratory syncytial virus.
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Highly contagious, enveloped virus. Use direct fluorescent antibody to detect. Treat using ribovarin
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Patient: both UR and LR tracts were affected and exhibited chills, fever headache, general ache, fatigue, malaise, vomiting. The patient goes to daycare and got symptoms during January. The patient was sneezed on and shook hands with someone clearly sick.
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Influenza virus
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Virus has lipid bilayer with projections and antigens. H spikes recognize and attach to body cells. N spikes help virus escape cell after replication. Three types. Antgenic shifts result in new combinations. ssRNA, very variable.
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A patient was in the Southwest US and rolling around in deer mice droppings. Later he exhibitied fever, chills, headache, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and acute respiratory distress. There was a drop in blood pressure.
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Hantavirus
Pulmonary syndrome |
Fluid from blood vessels fills capillaires of lung alveoli, filling air space and causing breathing difficulties
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The patient showed a gray membrane in the back of the throat, that bled when scraped to be removed.
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Corynebacterium diptheriae
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Gram + Rod
Part A and B polypeptides key to virulence B attaches to host cel Toxin enters A part separates from B and enters cytoplasm A part = enzyme that deactivates EF2 and so stops protein synthesis. causes cell death |
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Patient 1 presents with headache, chills, fever, muscle ache.
Patient 2 presents with pain in heart and joints. Patient 3 presents with kidney inflammation. |
Streptococcus pyogenes.
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Gram + cocci chains
B hemolytic Pyrogenic GAS M proteins, pyrogenic exotoxins = key to virulence. capsule protects Streptokinase break up blood clots Streptolysis lyse RBC erythrogenic toxins casue rash, fever, and shock Super antigen = TSS |
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The child presented with normal cold symptoms, then a cough and vomiting with cough.
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Bordatella pertussis
Pertussis |
Obligate aerobe Gram- coccobaccillus with capsule
Attachment by filamentous hemagglutinin to cilated cells in trachea. Causes mucous accumulation and toxins |
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The child's epiglottis was inflamed, as well as ear infection and inflamed sinuses. The disease progressed to bacterial meningitis.
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Haemophilus influenzae
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Very small G- Rod
Type b has capsule Fastidious, chocolate agar, w/ red blood cells to break down in heat |
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CF patient presented with a respiratory infection and UTI and skin infections after being hospitalized.
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa
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Gram - aerobic rod
Has pigments Mucoid or fried egg appearance |
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Patient had otitis media nad other respiratory infections
Stain showed gram negative dipplococcus with rough, pinkish-brown opaque colonies on blood agar |
Moraxella catarrhalis
otitis media |
Gram - diplococcus
part of normal throat/nose biota |
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Patient showed lesions in lung tissue ... also chronic cough, fatigue, weight loss.
Negative pressure helped. |
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
TB |
Rod-like bacteria, acid fast positive
Mycolic acid Can be asymptomatic Can be reactivated Evades immune system Primary (asymptomatic, form granuloma) Secondary: reactive years later |
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Patient presented with red lungs, high fever, breathign diffculty and chest pain, coughing up blood
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S. pneumoniae,
K. pneumoniae, Mycoplasma Legionella pneumonila Chlamydia pneumoniae Chlamydiapneumoniae and chlamydia psittaci H. influenza, S. aureus, Y pestis |
Lungs red, alveoli fill with RBCs, neutrophils, fluid, no toxins associated
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