Microbiology Exam 5

Front 1

Sterilization

Back 1

destroys all viable microbes: viruses and endospores

Front 2

Disinfection

Back 2

destroy VEGETATIVE pathogens
inamnimate objects

Front 3

Antiseptic:

Back 3

disinfectant applied to exposed body surfaces

Front 4

Sanitization

Back 4

mechanically removing microbes: cleansing technique

Front 5

Degermination

Back 5

REDUCING number of microbes

Front 6

Microbial death

Back 6

permanent loss of reproductive capability- even under OPTIMUM condition

Front 7

Of what microbial actions can antimicrobial drugs, radiation, formaldehyde, ethylene oxide can do to hinder ?

Back 7

Cellular synthetic processes

Front 8

Alcohols, phenols, acids, heat can interefere at where to prevent protein activities?

Back 8

ribosome

Front 9

3 different ways o hinder enzyme activity

Back 9

1.denaturation of protein through heat+ pH
2.different shape from heat + pH
3. blocked Active site from heavy metal

Front 10

Thermal death time/ Thermal death point is required to kill all test microbes/ all microbes

Back 10

thermal death time-all test microbes

Front 11

moist heat methods

Back 11

steam under pressure
denatures proteins, destroys membranes and DNA

Front 12

For canned food, what heat method is used?

Back 12

Tyndallization: nonpressurized, disinfectant. Inermittant sterilization

Front 13

This heat method is to kill potential agents of infection and spoilage without destroyng the food value

Back 13

Pasteurization. not sterilization; disinfectant

Front 14

Radiation

Back 14

deep penetrating power to break DNA.
(electrons leave their orbit)

Front 15

What rays can be used for radiation?

Back 15

Gamma, X, cathode

Front 16

What is used to sterilize medical suplies and food product?

Back 16

radiation

Front 17

Radiation causes DNA to form what dimer?

Back 17

Thymine dimer

Front 18

Aldehydes, Dyes, Gases, Hydrogen peroxide, chlorhexidine, phenolics, halogens can also contribue to germicidal?

Back 18

yes

Front 19

Which is prefered drug: Microbicidal or Microbistatic?

Back 19

microbicidal

Front 20

soluble or insoluble drugs are preferred?

Back 20

Soluble : highly dilutedi in body fluids

Front 21

Antibiotics

Back 21

common metabolic products of aerobic sporeforming bacteria and fungi

Front 22

Which is not antibiotic?
Streptomyces
Penicillium
Cephalosporum
Bacillus
Staphylococcus

Back 22

staphylococcus

Front 23

Microbes that engage in mutual or commensal associations

Back 23

normal/ resident flora
indigenous flora
microbiota

Front 24

pathogenic microbes penetrate host defenses, enter tissues and multiply to make this condition

Back 24

infection

Front 25

microbes penetrate and disrupt a tissue

Back 25

disease

Front 26

where in our bodies is microe free?

Back 26

internal organs and tisuses and fluids

Front 27

Arthropods are resident flora

Back 27

yes

Front 28

Where in our bodies has the largest number of bacteria?

Back 28

large intestine

Front 29

Bacterial flora can help preventing overgrwth of harmful microbes. This is called

Back 29

microbial antagonism

Front 30

Mostly where do we have resident microbes?

Back 30

areas contact with outside environment

Front 31

any chemical used in the treatment, relief, prophylaxis of a disease

Back 31

chemotherapeutic drug

Front 32

use of a drug to prevent IMMINENT infection of a person at risk

Back 32

prophylaxis

Front 33

the use of chemotherapeutic drugs to control infection

Back 33

antimicrobial chemotherapy

Front 34

any antimicrobial drug (inclusive term)

Back 34

antimicrobials

Front 35

This is from microorganisms' natural metabolic process that inhibit other microorganisms

Back 35

antibiotics

Front 36

This substance is modified from natural sources in the laboratory

Back 36

semisynthetic drugs

Front 37

Antimicrobial synthesized chemically in the laboratory

Back 37

synthetic drugs

Front 38

antimicrobials for a limited range of microbial types

Back 38

narrow spectrum

Front 39

what antimicrobialsare against gram negative and positive bacteria are

Back 39

broad spectrum

Front 40

penicillin, cephalosporins, vancomycin, bacitracin, monobactaria/carapenerns, fosfomycin, cycloserina, isoniazid
What do these do?

Back 40

inhibit cell wall; block synthesis and repair.

Front 41

what drug causes loss of selective permeability of cell membrane?

Back 41

polymyxins

Front 42

chloramphenoid, Erythromycin, Clandamycin, Oxizolidinones work at the side of where?

Back 42

50S subunit of ribosome

Front 43

What are the drugs that work at the site of 30S subunit of ribosome?

Back 43

aminoglycosides, tetracyclines,streptomycin, amikacin

Front 44

What drugs block pathways and inhibit metabolism?

Back 44

sulfonamides(sulfa drugs) trimethoprim