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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The Central Nervous System (CNS)
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Consists of the brain and the spinal cord. As the control center for the entire body, the CNS picks up sensory information from the environment, interprets the information, and sends impulses that coordinate the body's activities
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The Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
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Consists of all the nerves that branch off from the brain and spinal cord and communicate to different parts of the body
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Meninges
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Three continuous membranes that protect the brain and spinal cord
1) Dura mater (outermost) 2) Arachnoid mater (middle) 3) Pia mater (innermost) |
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Subarachnoid space
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between the arachnoid mater and pia mater.
Contains Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) |
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Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
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Contains low levels of complement, circulating antibodies, and phagocytic cells.
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The blood-Brain Barrier (BBB)
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Capillaries that allow some substances to flow to the brain while restricting others. These capillaries are less permeable and more selective
Ex. Drugs cannot pass the BBB unless they are lipid soluble. |
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Meningitis
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An inflammation of the meninges
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Encephalitis
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An inflammation of the brain
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Meningoencephalitis
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An inflammation of BOTH the meninges and the brain
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Diseases of the Nervous system:
Tetanus (Bacterial Diseases) |
Pathogen: Clostridium tetani
Symptoms: Lock Jaw; Muscle spasms Method of Transmission: Puncture wound Treatment: Tetanus immune globulin; antibiotics Prevention: Toxoid vaccine (DTaP, Td) |
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Diseases of the Nervous system:
Botulism (Bacterial Diseases) |
Pathogen: Clostridium botulinium
Symptoms: Flaccid paralysis Method of Transmission: Foodbourne intoxication Treatment: antitoxin Prevention: Proper canning of foods; infants should not have honey |
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Diseases of the Nervous system:
Poliomyelitis (Viral Diseases) |
Pathogen: Poliovirus
Symptoms: Headache, sorethroat, stiff neck; paralysis if motor nerves are infected Method of Transmission: Ingesting contaminated water (fecal-oral route) Treatment: Mechanical breathing aid Prevention: Inactivated polio vaccine (E-IPV) |
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Diseases of the Nervous system:
Rabies (Viral Diseases) |
Pathogen: Lyssavirus, including rabies virus
Symptoms: Fatal infection; early symptoms include agitation, muscle spasms, difficulty swallowing Method of Transmission: Animal bite Treatment: Post exposure Treatment: rabies immunoglobulin plus vaccine Prevention: Human diploid cell vaccine for high risk individuals; vaccination of domestic animals |
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Diseases of the Nervous system:
African trypanosomiasis (Protozoan Diseases) |
Pathogen: Trypanosomiasis
Symptoms: Fatal infection; early symptoms (headache, fever) progress to coma Method of Transmission: Tsetse fly Treatment: Suramin pentamindine Prevention: Vector Control |
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Diseases of the Nervous system:
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (Prion Diseases) |
Pathogen: Prion
Symptoms: Fatal Infection; neurological symptoms including trembling Method of Transmission: Inherited, ingested, transplants Treatment: none Prevention: None |
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Diseases of the Nervous system:
Kuru (Prion Diseases) |
Pathogen: Prion
Symptoms: Fatal infection; neurological disorders including trembling Method of Transmission: Contact or ingestion Treatment: none Prevention: none |
