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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Pathogen: E. Coli
1. Type: Gram ? 2. Where do you find them? 3. Serotype? 4. Symptoms? 5. Diagnosed by? 6. Treament? 7. Cases per year? |
E. Coli:
1. Gram negative rods, facultative anaerobe of Escherichieae 2. a. Found in urinary tract: cause mild urethritis to sever kidney/pelvic involvement b. Found in the blood: can lead to septicemia or meningitis c. In food: can get diarrhea 3. 0157:H7 4. Bloody diarrhea, cramps, NO FEVER, and resolves in 5-10 days. 5. Sorbitol-MacConkey agar 6. Prevention, antibiotics are ineffective 7. 73,000 with 60 deaths (US) |
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What 5 pathogens belong to Escherichieae?
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1. Escherichia (human)
2. Salmonella (human) 3. Shigella (human) 4. Edwardsiella 5. Citrobacter |
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What is the scare of E. coli affecting the very old and very young?
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HUS:
Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome -3-5% mortality |
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Pathogen Salmonella
1. Type: Gram ? 2. Where do you find them? 3. 3 types? 4. Symptoms? |
Escherichieae
1. Gram negative rods 2. Turtles, poultry products, oral/fecal 3. a. Gastroenteritis: (caused by S. enteritidis) b. Enteric fever (caused by S. typhi, S. paratyphi) = typhoid c. Septicaemia |
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If infected with, what pathogen predisposes a person to Reiter's syndrome (3%) ? What are the symptoms?
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Shigella
-a Escherichieae-type pathogen -Symptoms include: joint pain, eye irritation, painful urination |
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What are the 2 types of shigella groups?
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Group D: S. sonnei (60% of cases) and Group B: S. flexneri
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What pathogen is known for Hot Tub Rash? What is concerning about it?
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Gram negative rod
-Problem: pneumonias in immunocompromised and infections in burns |
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What pathogen is the major aetiological agent of upper respiratory tract infections?
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Haemophilus influenzae
-Gram negative rod |
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What is concerning about Haemophilus influenzae? How is it controlled?
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One of the main causes of bacterial meningitis. 10-30% of the 5% that get it can have brain damage.
-HiB vaccine |
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Neisseria is what type of bacteria and what are the 2 forms?
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Aerobic Gram negative diplococci
1. N. gonorrhea 2. N. meningitidis |
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How is N. meningitidis diagnosed and where does it reside?
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-It resides in nasopharynx and is spread via droplets.
-It's diagnosed by spinal tap. |
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What are the symptoms of N. meningitidis? Fatality rate?
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Symptoms: fever headache, stiff neck, nausea, vomitting and seizures.
-10-14% death rate |
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What is Rickettsiaceae?
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-A gram negative, pleiomorphic, non-sporulating rod
-Obligate intracellular parasite |
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How is Rickettsiaceae transmitted?
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Zoolonotic: from ticks, fleas, lice
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What does Rickettsiaceae cause?
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Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF) and typhus
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How is Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever transmitted?
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Ixodid (hard) tick (dermacenter)
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What are the symptoms of Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever?
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Rapid onset of symptoms:
Prodromal: fever, headache, muscle pain Then: rash, abdominal/joint pain Fatal if untreated and when treated still 3-5% die. Tetracycline is drug of choice |
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How is Epidemic Typhus transmitted?
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Human body louse (flying squirrel vector)
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Symptoms of Epidemic Typhus?
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Headache, chills, fever, prostration, confusion, photophobia, vomitting, rash
-responds to antibiotics |
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What pathogen causes rice water stools?
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Vibrio cholera (gram negative rod)
-very high load in gut, electrolyte gradient disrupted by cholera toxin and the dehydration can cause circular collapse and shock -Treated with rehydrating electrolytes |
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How is vibrio cholera transmitted?
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Oral/Fecal
Lives only in humans and has a 25-50% fatality rate if left untreated |
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What is campylobacter?
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Camphylobacter jejuni is a curved, gram negative rod that is a microaerophile/thermophile
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