Microbiology Chapter 6 Levine

Front 1

Microaerophiles

Back 1

An organism that grows best in an environment with less molecular oxygen

Strep Throat and Ghonorhea are associated with this

Front 2

Capnophile

Back 2

A microorganism that grows best at relatively high CO2 concentrations

Nisseria Ghonorhea, and bacterias associated with growth in the rectal/vaginal area

Front 3

Facultative Anerobes

Back 3

Bacteria that grows in the absence of oxygen

they are actually poisened by oxygen

Front 4

Aerotolerant Anerobes

Back 4

An Organism that does not use molecular oxygen but is not affected by its presence

Front 5

Obligate Aerobes

Back 5

Require O2 for survival

Front 6

Obligate Anerobes

Back 6

An organism that does not use molecular oxygen O2 and is killed in the presence of O2

Front 7

Obligate Halophile

Back 7

An organism that requires high osmotic pressures such as high concentrations of NaCl

Front 8

Halophile

Back 8

Salt loving, Halophiles "control" osmosis the movement of water across a membrane from higher concentration to lower concentration by adjusting the compatible solutes in their cytoplasm

Front 9

Trace elements

Back 9

Inorganic versions of coenzymes

Iron, Copper, Molybdenum, and Zinc

Front 10

What is the Sodium content of our blood?

Back 10

0.85%

Front 11

Chemoheterotroph

Back 11

An organism that uses organic molecules as a source of carbon and energy

Front 12

chemotroph

Back 12

An organism that uses oxidation-reduction reactions as its primary source of energy

Front 13

Thermophiles

Back 13

Heat lovers (63-64 degrees C)

Front 14

psychrophiles

Back 14

an organism that grows best at 15 degrees celsius and does not grow above 20 degrees a cold loving microbe

Front 15

Psychrotrophs

Back 15

An organism capable of growth between 0-30 degrees Celsius - refrigerator spolers

Front 16

Mesophiles

Back 16

Moderate temperature loving microbes Humans fall into this category

Front 17

Hyperthermophiles

Back 17

An organism whose optimum growth temperature is at least 80 degrees C also called extreme thermophile

Front 18

Plasmolysis

Back 18

Loss of water from a cell in a hypertonic environment

Front 19

acidophiles

Back 19

a bacterium that grows below ph4

Front 20

chemolithotrophs

Back 20

rock eating bacteria

Front 21

plasmolysis

Back 21

shrinkage of cells cytoplasm

Front 22

chemically defined medium

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A culture medium in which exact chemical composition is known

Front 23

Complex Media

Back 23

A culture medium in which the exact chemicle composition is not known

Growth of most chemoheterotrophic organisms

Front 24

Nutrient Broth

Back 24

a complex medium in liquid form

Front 25

Selective Media

Back 25

Media which is designed to suppress the growth of unwanted bacteria and encourage the growth of the desired microbes.

Front 26

Candle Jar

Back 26

petri plates placed in jar with a lit candle and jar is closed this burnes all O2 to the point the flame goes out and provide a CO2 environment atmosphere of approx 3%

Front 27

Differential Media

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Blood Agar, this media allows your distinguish colonies of a desired organism from other colones growing on same plate

Front 28

Enrichment Media

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Similar to selective media but designed toincrease numbers of desired microbes to detectable levels

Front 29

Chemically Defined Media

Back 29

Growth of chemoautotrophs and photoautotrophs, microbiological assays

Front 30

lyophilization

Back 30

Freeze drying

Front 31

Binary Fission

Back 31

Bacterial reproduction

Front 32

Budding

Back 32

A few bacterial reproduce by budding,

Front 33

Bacterial growth curve

Back 33

Shows growth of cells over time. lag, log, stationary, and death phases

Front 34

Catalase

Back 34

An enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen

Front 35

Peroxidase

Back 35

an enzyme that breaks down hydrogen peroxide

Front 36

Fermentation

Back 36

the enzymatic degradation of carbohydrates in which the final electron acceptor is an organic molecule, ATP is synthesized by substrate-level phosphorylation, and O2 is not required.

Front 37

Acidophiles

Back 37

Are bacteria that require or can tolerate acidic ph environments important for food spoilage. Oranges lemons, and can affect acidic regions in human body ie stomach, urinary tract

Front 38

Alkalophiles

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Require a basic ph enviroment to grow robustly

Front 39

Most bacteria have cytoplasm

Back 39

that contain 80-90 % water

Front 40

Why do all organisms need vitamins?

Back 40

They cannot make them themselves so they extract them from meat or yeasts for survival

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bacteriostatic

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inhibits bacterial growth

Front 42

bacteriocidal

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kills bacteria

Front 43

Why do growth media require buffers?

Back 43

so that bacteria don't poison themselves by the acids produced during fermentation

Front 44

obligate

Back 44

needs O2

Front 45

facultative

Back 45

does not need O2