Microbiology Chapter 5

Front 1

All Chemical reactions that take place within a cell is called?

Back 1

Metabolism

Front 2

Substance that lowers the energy of activation for a reaction?

Back 2

Catalyst (enzymes)

Front 3

_______are proteins that act as a catalyst in chemical reactions.

Back 3

Enzymes

Front 4

Energy of activation?

Back 4

The energy required for a reaction to take place

Front 5

Type of reactions are used to obtain energy?

Back 5

Catabolic (they break down)

Front 6

Enzymes always end in what suffix?

Back 6

-ase

Front 7

Process where energy (ATP) can be transferred directly is called?

Back 7

Substrate phosphorylation

Front 8

Chemical equation for glucose?

Back 8

C6H12O6

Front 9

Means Removal of a substance and will lose electrons

Back 9

Oxidation

Front 10

Means adding of a substance and will gain elections

Back 10

Reduction

Front 11

What is glucose oxidation?

Back 11

Chemical process that provides energy for an organism

Front 12

Process where energy (ATP) is transferred indirectly?

Back 12

Oxidative phosphorylation

Front 13

Process more common (oxidative phosphorylation or substrate level phosphorylation)?

Back 13

Oxidative phosphorylation

Front 14

Exchange rate for NADH to ATP

Back 14

For every 1 NADH= 3 ATP

Front 15

Exchange rate for FADH to ATP

Back 15

For every 1 FADH= 2 ATP

Front 16

________is required for cellular (aerobic) respiration

Back 16

Oxygen

Front 17

Four stages of cellular respiration for glucose oxidation?

Back 17

Glycolysis (cytosol)

Intermediate stage

Kreb Cycle (Inner folds of mitochondria)

ETC or Electron Transport Chain

Front 18

Aerobic respiration uses?

Back 18

Oxygen

Front 19

Two processes of cellular respiration produces C02 that you exhale?

Back 19

Intermediate and Kreb cycle

Front 20

ATP produced by the Krebs Cycle for each molecule of glucose?

Back 20

Two

Front 21

Portion of cellular respiration nets the most ATP

Back 21

ETC

Front 22

Process of converting glucose into energy is called?

Back 22

Cellular respiration

Front 23

Cellular respiration requires in "investment" of 2 ATP

Back 23

Glycolysis and ETC

Front 24

The step of cellular respiration can occur with oxygen

Back 24

Glycolysis

Front 25

Which steps are aerobic respiration?

Back 25

Intermediate, Kreb cycle, and ETC

Front 26

Glycolysis is catabolic or anabolic?

Back 26

Catabolic (break down)

Front 27

When pyruvate is produced and there is no O2 present what happens at the end of glycolysis?

Back 27

Two pyruvate is converted into lactate and starts fermintation

Front 28

When pyruvate is produced and O2 is present what happens?

Back 28

Goes to the intermediate stage

Front 29

Stage linked between glycolysis and the citric acid cycle

Back 29

Intermediate cycle

Front 30

The catalyst in the intermediate stage

Back 30

Pyruvate

Front 31

Two substances combine during intermediate stage to produce Acetyl CoA

Back 31

Coenzyme A and Pyruvate

Front 32

Net products form intermediate stage

Back 32

2 Acetyl CoA

2 NADH

2 Co2

Front 33

Cellular respiration exergonic or endogenic?

Back 33

Exergonic overall

Front 34

What is happening in the Kreb cycle?

Back 34

Acetyl CoA molecule is broken down by mitochondrial enzymes and its energy is released

Front 35

What is photosynthesis?

Back 35

Chemical steps in plants and algae that deal with the conversion of light into stored "food" energy such as sugars and starches. There are also secondary compounds produced. This process occurs in the chloroplast.

Front 36

Organic compounds such as NAD or FAD that aid in metabolic reactions, usually by transporting elections. Vitamins are good examples are what?

Back 36

Co-enzyme

Front 37

A series of reactions that occur in the stroma of the chloroplast using ATP and NADHP to fix CO2 into glucose and eventually starches?

Back 37

Calvin cycle

Front 38

A reaction in which phosphate is added to a compound. There are three ways this can occur: substrate level and oxidative?

Back 38

Phosphorylation