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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the glycocalyx?
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the coating or layer of molecules external to the cell wall. it serves protective, adhesive, and receptor functions. It may fit tightly or be very loose and diffuse.
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what is a bacterial chromosome or nucleoid?
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composed of condensed DNA molecules. DNA directs all genetics and heredity of the cell and codes for all proteins
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What is the plasmid?
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double stranded DNA circle containing extra genes
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What is the pilus?
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an elongate, hollow appendage used in transfers of DNA to other cells
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What are ribosomes of the prokaryotic cell?
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Tiny particles composed of protein and RNA that re the sites of protein synthesis.
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What is actin cytoskeleton?
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long fibers of proteins that encircle the cell just inside the cell membrane and contribute to the shape of the cell
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What is flagellum?
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Specialized appendage attached to the cell by a basal body that holds a long, rotating filament. The movement pushes the cell forward and provides motility
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Define fimbriae
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Fine, hairlike bristles extending from the cell surface that help in adhesion to other cells and surfaces
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Define inclusion/granule
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Stored nutrients such as fat, phosphate, or glycogen deposited in dense crystals or particles that can be tapped into when needed
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Define Cell wall
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a semirigid casing that provides structural support and shape for the cell
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Define cell membrane
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a tin sheet of lipid and protein that surronds the cytoplasm and controls the flow of materials into and out of the cell pool
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Define outer membrane
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extra membrane similar to cell membrane but also containing lipopoly saccharide. Controls flows of materials and portions of it are toxic to mammals when released
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Define endospore
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dormant body formed within some bacteria that allows for their survival in adverse conditions.
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Define cytoplasm
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water-based solution filling the entire cell
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