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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is symbiosis?
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live together
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What is mutualism?
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both members benefit from interaction
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What is commensalism?
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live together but only one member benefits without affecting the other
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What is parasitism?
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live together but derives benefit from its host while harming it some only sustain slight damage
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What is resident microbiota?
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remains nornal microbiota of a person thoughout life
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What is transient microbiota?
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remain in the body only a few hours,days or months
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When do normal microbiota become opportunistic pathogens?
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during immune suppression,changes in the normal microbiota,introduction of a member of the normal microbiota into an unusal site in the body
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What are the portals of entry?
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skin,mucous membranes,placenta
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What is the role of adhesions in infection?
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adhesion factors,ligands and receptors that bind them to the host
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What are virulence factors of infectious agents?
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extracellular enzymes,toxins(exotoxins and endotoxins),Antiphagocytic factors such as capsules,antiphagocytic chemicals.
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What are the stages of infectious diseases?
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incubation period,prodromal period-mild symptoms,illness-sighs and symptoms,decline-returns to normal,convalescence-recovers
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What are portals of exit?
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ear-ear wax,broken skin,blood,skin flakes,eyes-tears,nose-secretions,mouth-saliva,sputum,mammary glands in females-milk,secretions,vagina-secretions,blood,uretra-urine,seminal vesicles-semen and lubricating secretions
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What is reservoirs?
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animal and non living such as soil and water
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what are carriers?
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humans that carry pathogen without illness
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What are zoonoses?
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animal disease that spread to humans. humans are dead end host for zoonotic pathogens. EX; rabies
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What are nosocomial infections?
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hospital acquired disease.
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What is epidemiology?
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Where and when disease occur,and how they are transmitted within the populations.
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What are the modes of infectious disease transmission?
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direct contact,indirect contact,vehicle transmission-airborne,waterborne,foodborne,vector transmission,mechanical,biological
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What are symptoms?
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not visable EX; headache
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What are signs?
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visable EX; vomitting
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What are syndromes?
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both symptoms and signs
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What is etiology?
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study of the cause of disease
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What is exotoxins?
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toxin secreted by a pathogenic microorganism into its environment
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What are endotoxins?
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fatal toxin released from the cell wall of the dead and drying gram negative bacteria.
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What is infection?
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successful invasion by a pathogenic microorganism
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What is a disease?
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affects normal body functioning
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What is morbidity?
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any change frome a state of health
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what is pathogenicity?
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microorganisms ability to cause disease
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What is virulence?
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pathogen that overcomes defenses.
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What is mortality?
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dealth of large numbers
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