Microbiology Chap 17

Front 1

phototrophy
chlorophyll a

Back 1

used by plants, algae, protozoa, cyanobacteria absorb energy to photoreactive centers involved in the generation of proton-motive force for ATP synthesis.

Front 2

carotenoids

Back 2

a pigment that absorbs light, primary role is photoprotection they indirectly transfer energy to centers.

Front 3

chlorophyll a

Back 3

CH3=C2H5....oxidized
top letft is CH=CH2
phytol at bottome with hydro-C tails and active site

Front 4

bacteriochlorophyll a

Back 4

CH3-H to C2H5-H....reduced
top left is O=C-CH3

Front 5

light absorbance spectra of chlorophylls

Back 5

are complimentary
bacterio:360,525,590,805,870
chloro:430,480,680

Front 6

anoxigenic e- cycling and photophosphorylation

Back 6

excited e-'s from chlorophyll a in the reactive center are cycled thru e- carriers and back to chlorophyll a: no donor required to generate PMF for ATP synthesis (stroma=inside, thylakoid space=outside)

Front 7

photophosphorylation in purple bacteria

Back 7

bacteriopheophytin=bacteriochlorophyll with Mg
pdt:ATP, 3H
light harvesting complexes

Front 8

anoxygenic photosynthesis in different types of bacteria

Back 8

purple: reverse e-, P870
green S: CO2 fixed, P840
heliobact:CO2 fixed, P798 (highest)

Front 9

oxygenic non-cyclic photphosphorylation
(algae and higher plants)

Back 9

CO2 fixation by calvin benson cycle, oxidation of H2O in thylakoid space.

Front 10

redox potentials of intermediates of oxygenic photosynthesis

Back 10

photosystem II: the Z scheme, noncyclic e- flow (p680)
photosystem I: cyclic e- flow, p700

Front 11

photosynthesis the calvin benson cycle also RuBP or RubisCO pathway

Back 11

1.rxn of enzyme ribulose bi-P carboxylase
2.conversion of 4-phosphoglyceric acid to glyceraldegyde 3-P
3.conversion of ribulose 5-P to the CO2 acceptor ribulose bi-P by phosphoribulokinase

Front 12

autotrophic pathways in green bacteria
chlorobium

Back 12

CO2 fixation by reversal of the citric acid-cyle in the green S bacterium.
3CO2 + 12H + 5ATP--->triose-P
conversion of pyruvate to phosphoenolyruvate consumes 2 P-bond equivalents

Front 13

autotrophic pathways in green bacteria
chloroflexus

Back 13

CO2 fixation by reversal of the hydroxypropionate cycle in the green non-S bacteria.
2CO2 + 6H + 3ATP-->glyoxylate
carboxylated twice.

Front 14

anabolism and catabolism being integrated processes

Back 14

(substrate) catab (pdts)
energy generation
[ATP and PMF]
(monomers) anab (macromole)
energy consumption
biosynthesis

Front 15

polysaccharide synthesis

Back 15

ADPG + glycogen=ADP + Glycogen-Glucose

Front 16

biosynthesis of ribose and nucleotides

Back 16

glu
ribulose 5-P + CO2
ribose 5-P
ribonucleotides-->RNA.....or
ribonucleotides-->deoxyribo to DNA

Front 17

carbon skeletons of aa
(citric acid cycle)

Back 17

alpha-ketoflutarate(glutamate)
oxalacetate (aspartate)

Front 18

carbon skeletons of aa
(glycolysis)

Back 18

pyruvate (alanine)
3-Pglycerate (serine)
chorismate (aromatic)
histidinol (histidine)

Front 19

nitrogen is picked up from ammonia by alpha-ketoglutarate and glutamate

Back 19

nitrogens are transferred by transaminases from glutamine to organic-acid precursors of other aa, purines, pyrimidines and even sugars

Front 20

biosynthesis of FA's

Back 20

acetyl CoA carboxylase
acyl carrier proteins

Front 21

intermediates of the calvin-benson cycle for CO2 fixation

Back 21

1.ribulose bisphosphate to PGA
2.phosphoglyceric acid to biosynthesis
3.ribulose bisphosphate