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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Beta Lactams
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Interfere with cell wall cross-linking through interactions with penicillin-binding proteins (transpeptidases); autolysis
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Penicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenems, monobactams
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Glycopeptides
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Interfere with incorporation of new subunits into growing murein chains
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Vancomycin
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Imidazoles
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Blocks synthesis of ergosterol required for fungal cell wall integrity
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Fluconazole, Itraconazole, Voriconazole, Posaconazole
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Echinocandins
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Blocks Beta-glucan synthesis, a major constituent of fungal cell walls
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caspofungin, mycofungin
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Lipopeptide antibiotics
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Forms channels in cell membranes of Gram-positive bacteria resulting in K+ leakage and metabolic death
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Daptomycin
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Polyene
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Binds to sterols un eukaryotic cell mebranes, leading to membrane leakiness and, at high levels, lysis
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amphotericin B
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Sulfonamides
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Competative inhibitor of dihydropteroate synthesis; blocks synthesis of tetrahydrofolate and cell-linked metabolic pathways
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sulfamethoxazole, sulfadiazine
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Trimethoprim
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Inhibition of bacterial dihydrofolate reductase
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Aminoglycosides
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Binds to 30S subunit of bacterial ribosome; cause translational misreading and inhibit elongation of protein chain; kill by blocking initiation of protein synthesis
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gentamicin, tobramycin, streptomycin, amikacin, neomycin
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Macrolides
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Bind to 50S ribosome subunit; inhibit protein synthesis at chain elongation step
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erythromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin, clindamycin
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Protein synthesis inhibitors (other)
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Ketolides, Streptogranins, Chloramphenicol
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Rifampin
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Binds to bacterial RNA polymerase and blocks transcription (synthesis of RNA) at initiation step
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Metronidazole, nitrofurans
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Partially reduced nitro groups give addition products on DNA that lead to cidal strand breakage
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Fluoroquinolones
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Interfere with DNA replication by inhibiting the action of DNA gyrase or topoisomerase
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ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, gatifloxacin, moxifloxacin, gemifloxacin
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Nalidixic acid
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Inhibit DNA gyrase and is bactericidal
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