Microbiology Antibiotics 1St Test

Front 1

Rifampin

Back 1

binds to the RNA polymerase closed complex

prevents the initiation of transcription

Front 2

Common Antibiotic target

Back 2

Bacteria ribosome

-bacteria ribosome significantly differs from the human ribosome, therefore it is a target of numerous antibiotics

Front 3

Aminoglycosides

Back 3

interact w/ the 16S rRNA in the 30S subunit of the ribosome

prevents the binding of f-Met(formyl-methionine), which is the 1st amino acid of most bacterial proteins

require oxidative phosphorylation for transport, which requires a proton motive force, so they require a transmembrane potential

intestinal tract normal flora unaffected (b/c of use of fermentation for energy and weak membrane potentials)

Front 4

Tetracyclines

Back 4

interact w/ 23S rRNA in the 30S subunit

block the transfer of tRNA's into the acceptor site

Front 5

Chloramphenicol & Licosamides

Back 5

interact w/ the 50S subunit

inhibit the formation of peptide bonds (peptidyl transfer)

Front 6

Macrolides

Back 6

interact w/ the 23S rRNA in the 50S subunit

cause the release of the growing polypeptide chain

Front 7

Streptogramins

Back 7

block the P-site, therefore blocking the translocation of the growing peptide to the P-site to restart the cycle

Front 8

Azithromycin

Back 8

erythromycin derivative w/ a methyl substituted lactone ring

Front 9

Oxazolidinines

Back 9

prevent the formation of the f-Met-mRNA-30S subunit ternary complex

active against:
methicillin resistant Staphylococcus

multiresistant Streptococci pneumoniae

vancomycin resistant enterococci

Front 10

Phosphomycin/Fosfomycin

Back 10

is PEP analog that inhibits the synthesis of NAM from NAG

Front 11

D-Cycloserine

Back 11

an analog of D-Ala and inhibits the racemase reaction and addition of D-Ala to the AA1-AA2-AA3 chain

Front 12

Bacitracin

Back 12

binds undecaprenyl-PP and inhibits recycling of the carrier

Front 13

Vancomycin

Back 13

glycopeptide antibiotic that binds D-Ala D-Ala and sterically hinders PbP's from carrying out transpeptidation reactions

Front 14

B-lactams

Back 14

are structurally related to D-Ala adn tightly bind PBP's inhibiting their transglycosylation and transpeptidation activity

Front 15

Polymyxin

Back 15

disrupts bacterial membrane causing release of cytoplasmic components

will destroy non-growing(non-replicating) cells

more effective against Gram negative bacteria b/c they have a higher affinity for LPS and phosphotidylethanolamine

Front 16

Quinolones

Floroquinolines

Back 16

bind DNA gyrase-ATP complex thus blocking transcription and DNA replication

Front 17

Sulfonamides

Back 17

are a PABA analog that inhibit the TFA biosynthetic pathway

Front 18

Trimethoprim

Back 18

binds dihydrofolate reductase thus inhibiting the TFA biosynthetic pathway