Microbiology And Immunology - Systems

Front 1

Normal flora of skin =

Back 1

Staphylococcus epidermidus

Front 2

Normal flora of nose =

Back 2

Staphylococcus aureus

Front 3

Normal flora of oropharynx =

Back 3

Viridans streptococci

Front 4

Normal flora of dental plaque =

Back 4

Streptococcus mutans

Front 5

Normal flora of colon (2) =

Back 5

Bacteroides fragilis > E.coli

Front 6

Normal flora of vagina =

Back 6

Lactobacillus, E.coli, Group B Strep (Streptococcus agalactiae)

Front 7

An elderly person with pneumonia likely is infected with:

Back 7

- S.pneumoniae
- viruses
- anaerobes
- H.influenza
- Gram negative rods

Front 8

A child or teenager with pneumonia is likely infected with:

Back 8

- RSV
- Mycoplasma
- Chlamydia pneumoniae
- S.pneumoniae

Front 9

Pneumonia acquired in a hospital is most likely to be:

Back 9

- Staphylococcus
- Gram negative rods

Front 10

Immunocompromised patients who get pneumonia are usually infected by:

Back 10

- Staphylococcus
- Gram negative rods
- fungi (PCP)
- viruses

Front 11

Alcoholics and drug users who get pneumoniae generally are infected by:

Back 11

- S.pneumoniae
- Klebsiella
- Staphylococcus

Front 12

Neonates who get pneumonia are usually infected by:

Back 12

- Group B strep
- E.coli

Front 13

What are 3 organisms that cause atypical pneumonia?

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- Chlamydia
- Legionella
- Mycoplasma

Front 14

Post-viral infection pneumonia usually due to:

Back 14

- Staphylococcus
- H.influenzae

Front 15

Newborn meningitis:

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- Group B strep
- E.coli
- Listeria monocytogenes

Front 16

Meningitis in kids from 6 months - 6 yrs:

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- S.pneumoniae
- N.meningitidis
- H.influenza type B

Front 17

Meningitis in older kids and adults:

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- N.meningitidis
- enteroviruses
- S.pneumoniae
- Herpes Simplex Virus

Front 18

Eldery person meningitis:

Back 18

- S.pneumoniae
- Gram negative rods

Front 19

HIV patient meningitis:

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- Cryptococcus neoformans
- CMV
- toxoplasmosis
- JC virus (PML)

Front 20

What type of organism causes a meningitis with: increased CSF pressure, increased neutrophils, elevated protein, low glucose?

Back 20

bacterial

Front 21

What organism causes meningitis with: increased CSF pressure, increased lymphocytes, elevated protein, low glucose?

Back 21

fungal, Tuberculosis

Front 22

What kind of organism causes a meningitis with: normal CSF pressure, increased lymphocyte count, normal protein level, and normal glucose level?

Back 22

viral

Front 23

Osteomyelitis in most ppl =

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S.aureus

Front 24

Osteomyelitis in diabetics & drug users =

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Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Front 25

Osteomyelitis in sickle cell =

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Salmonella

Front 26

Osteomyelitis in sexually active =

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N.gonorrhea

Front 27

Osteomyelitis affecting vertebral column =

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TB (aka Pott's disease)

Front 28

Most UTI's are caused by which 2 bacteria?

Back 28

- E.coli (80%)
- Klebsiella (10%)

Front 29

What is the 2nd most popular cause of UTI in young sexually active women?

Back 29

S.saprophyticus (Novobiocin resistant)

Front 30

What are some common causes of UTI in a hospital setting?

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- E.coli
- Proteus
- Klebsiella
- Serratia
- Pseudomonas

Front 31

What factors increase risk of UTI?

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- urine outflow obstruction
- kidney surgery
- catheter
- GU abnormalities
- diabetes!!!
- pregnancy!!!

Front 32

UTI manifests clinically with:

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- dysuria
- frequency, urgency
- suprapubic pain

Front 33

You take a urine sample of a patient with UTI, and culture out viscous, mucoid encapsulated colonies. The organism is:

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Klebsiella

Front 34

Your patient has a UTI and you want to culture the urine sample. The colonies that grow out appear to be "swarming" on the agar and are urease positive. The culprit bacteria is:

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Proteus mirabilis - associated with struvite kidney stones (radiopaque)

Front 35

Your patient has a UTI and when you culture the urine sample, you grow out colonies that have a metallic sheen on EMB agar. What is the bacteria?

Back 35

E.coli - leading cause of UTI

Front 36

A positive urine nitrite test means:

Back 36

Gram negative bacteria causing UTI

Front 37

A positive urine leukocyte esterase test means:

Back 37

bacterial infection

Front 38

What is the typical clinical presentation for gonorrhea?

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- urethritis
- cervicitis
- PID
- prostatitis, epididymitis
- arthritis (like knee joint)
- creamy purulent discharge!

Front 39

Primary syphilis presents as:

Back 39

painLESS chancre (localized to where spirochete has touched)

Front 40

Secondary syphilis presents as:

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fever, lymphadenopathy, skin rash involving palms & soles, condyloma lata

Front 41

Tertiary syphilis presents as:

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gummas (soft tumor), tabes dorsalis, general paresis, aortitis, Argyll Robertson pupil

Front 42

Painful penile/vulva/cervical ulcers =

Back 42

genital herpes (HSV-2)

Front 43

A patient presents with urethritis, cervicitis (with extreme motion tenderness), arthritis, and conjunctivitis (Reiter's syndrome). You think:

Back 43

Chlamydia trachomatis D-->K - top bug for PID and STD (next is gonorrhea)

Front 44

What do Chlamydia trachomatis strains L1-L3 cause?

Back 44

Lymphogranuloma venereum - ulcers, lymphadenopathy, rectal strictures

Front 45

Your female patient comes in complaining of itching in the vagina and a foul green-yellow discharge. You take a swab of the cervix and put the contents on wet mount, see motile flagellated critters, and diagnose:

Back 45

Trichomonas vaginalis - protozoan, causes strawberry cervix and vaginitis, Tx Metronidazole

Front 46

Condyloma acuminata is caused by:

Back 46

HPV-6,11 - genital warts, koilocytes (large cells with pyknotic nuclei)

Front 47

Hepatitis B manifests with:

Back 47

jaundice

Front 48

Chancroids (painFUL genital ulcers) with inguinal lymphadenopathy (buboes) highly suggest:

Back 48

Haemophilus ducreyi

Front 49

Your female patients complains of foul fishy-smelling vaginal discharge and very minor itching. You put KOH on a sample of the discharge and diagnose:

Back 49

bacterial vaginosis - Gardnerella vaginalis (see fuzzy looking clue cells)

Front 50

Both Neisseria and Chlamydia cause PID, but the kind caused by Neisseria presents as:

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ACUTE high fever (vs. Chlamydia, subacute and often undiagnosed)

Front 51

The 2 most common causes of nosocomial infections are:

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1) E.coli - UTI
2) S.aureus - wound infection

Front 52

Pseudomonas aeruginosa nosocomial infections often are associated with:

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1) burn wounds
2) respirator equipment

Front 53

Newborns that get nosocomial infections are often infected with:

Back 53

1) CMV - fever, hepatitis, mononucleosis
2) RSV - interstitial pneumonia

Front 54

Which infectious agents can cross the placenta? "torches"

Back 54

1) Toxoplasma gondii
2) Rubella
3) CMV
4) Herpes Simplex Virus
5) HIV
6) Syphilis