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78 Cards in this Set
- Front
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Cocci |
shape is spherical causes UTI, food poisoning and toxic shock syndrome, gonorrhea. |
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Bacilli |
rod shaped bacteria, some of which are endospore forming. Anthrax, botulism and tetanus. GI infections are Escherichia coli and Salmonella |
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Pleomorphic bacteria |
bacterial species that are morphologially indistinct |
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Spirals |
occur as vibros, spirilla, or spirochetes. |
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Virios |
are curved or comma-shaped rods associated with gastroenteritis, cholera, food poisoning, and septicemia |
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Spirillum (plural, Spirilla) |
A thick rigid spiral organism that can cause rat bit fever a condition caused by rodent bites. These bacteria are present in the oropharyngeal flora of approximately 50% of healthy wild and labarotory rats, as well as in other rodents. |
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Spirochetes |
thin flexible spirals and can cause leptospirosis, Lyme disease, and Syphyilis. |
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Staphylocuccus aureus |
gram-positive cocus appearing as grape-like clusters |
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Eschrichia coli |
Gram -negative bacillus |
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Spirochete |
causative agent for Treponema Pallidum which can cause miscarriages. |
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Streptococcus pyogenes |
is responsible for strep throat, many cases of meningitis, bacterial pneumonia, endocarditis, erysipelas(acute skin infection), and necrotizing fasciitis(flesh-eating infections). |
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Staphylococcus aureus |
comon on skin, nose, gastrointestinal and urogenital tracts of humans. |
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Staphylococcus aureus |
Toxin mediated: Food Poisoning, scaled skin syndrome, toxic shock syndrome, folliculitis, carbuncles impetigo, wound infections, bacteremia, and more |
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Bacillus anthrasis |
found in the soil and causes Anthrax |
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Bacillus cereus |
found in the soil and is toxin mediated: gastroenteritis(emetic diarrheal), ocular infection, opportunistic infections. |
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Haemophilus influenzae |
pleomorphic |
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Heamophelus influenzae |
found in the mucous membranes of humans |
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Haemphilus influenzae |
Meningitis, epiglottitis, pneumonia, bacteremia, opportunistic infection(babies infection in brain lung and bacterimea) |
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Chlamydia trachomatis |
Pleomorphic |
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Chlamidia |
obligate intracellular human pathogen (reservoir) |
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Chlamydia Trachomatis |
causes Pelvic inflammatory Disease and is a Sexually transmitted disease. |
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Borrelia burgdorferi |
Spiral (spirochete) |
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Borrelia Burgdorferi reservoir |
vector-borne, transmitted by ticks |
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Borrelia burgdorferi is what disease |
Lymes Disease |
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Population Growth Curve |
Lag phase log phase stationary phase death phase |
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Lag Phase |
The individual bacteria are maturing, yet they are not able to divide at this time |
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Logarithmic or exponential growth phase (log phase) |
Each Cell introduced to the medium divides by binary fission into two cells. With each subsequent binary fission a doubling of the bacterial cells occurs as long as the growth conditions are favorable. |
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Stationary phase |
A phase that occurs when essential nutrients are depleted or by products of metabolism accumulate. A depletion of nutrients causes cells to decrease in size and toxic metabolic by-products limit the ability to undergo cell division. During this phase the total number of viable cells remains constant. Lasts a few hours to several days. |
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Death Phase |
Phase that begins when growth stops and the number of dead cells is larger than the number of viable cells. |
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Mesophiles: |
are microorganisms that have optical growth in moderate temperature, generally between 25 degrees Celsius and 40 degrees Celsius. |
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Thermophiles |
Heat-loving organisms grow best at temperature of 45 degrees Celsius or higher. |
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Psychrophiles also called cyrophiles |
these bacteria are cold-loving and can grow at 0 degrees Celsius or lower with an optimal growth around 15 degrees Celsius. Usually found in Arctic and Antarctic regions and in streams that are fed by glaciers |
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Psychortrohps |
organisms that grow very slowly at 0 degrees Celsius but have an optimal growth range of 25 degrees to 30 degrees Celsius. Abundant in nature and can cause food spoilage at refrigerator temperatures. |
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Helicobacter Pylori |
The bacterium potentially weakens the mucosa of teh stomach ad duodenum, allowing acids to penetrate the tissure and together with the bacterium causing a sore or ulcer. |
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H. Pylori treatment: |
usually involves a combination of antibiotics, acid suppressors, and stomach protectors. |
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Lyme disease symptoms for acute phase |
skin rash, including "bull's eye" rash; fever, fatigue, headache, muscle and joint aches. Not all symptoms occur in every case of the disease. |
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Lyme Disease symptoms for chronic phase |
Fatigue, myalgia; neuropathy, meningitis, and more |
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Syphilis |
part of TORCH (Toxoplasmosis, Other infections{syphilis}, Rubella, Cytolomegalovirus, hepesvirdae) |
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campylobacter diseases |
Cramping, diarreah-GI tract infections |
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H. Pylori diseases |
Peptic ulcers, gastritis, duodentitis |
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Legionella Pneumophila diseases |
Legionellosis: Pontiac fever, Legionnaires' disease |
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Neisseria Gonorrhoeae diseases |
gonorrhea |
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Bortella pertussis |
whooping cough |
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pseudomonas-aeruginosa |
infections of burn victims |
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Escherihia |
most common cause of UTI |
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Salmonella |
foodborne illnesses: typhoid fever- bloody diarrhea |
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Shigella |
Bacillary dysentery |
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Klebsiella |
Pnumonia |
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Rickettsia rickettsii |
Rocky Mountain spotted fever |
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Chlaymidia trachomatis |
causes PID and infertility in women Adult inclusion conjunctivitis, neonatal conjuntivitis (bacitracin to eyes when baby is born) |
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Myocoplasma Pneumoniae |
Upper respiratory infections, lower repiratory infections including trachebronchitis and bronchopneumonia. |
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Mycoplasma Hominis |
Infection to the kidneys Pyelonephritis |
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streptococus pyogenes |
Pharyngitis (strep throat) |
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Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma |
are the smallest free-living bacteria and are unique among bacteria because they do not have cell walls, resulting in a variable or indistinct shape and are therefore pleomorphic. |
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Myoplasmas |
do not have cell walls making them resistant to penicillins, cephalosporins, vancomycin, and other antibiotics that interfere with cell wall synthesis. |
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Clostridium perfingens |
spore forming bacteria |
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Clostridium perfringens |
bas gangrene |
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clostridium tetani |
Tetanus |
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bacillus anthracis |
Anthrax |
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Bacillus cereus |
gastroenteritis |
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Clostridium botulinum |
Botulism |
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Clostridium defficile |
Antibiotic associated diarrhea, and Pseudomembranous colitis |
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Propionibacterium acnes |
Acne |
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Actinomyces israelii |
Peridontal abscesses (tooth decay) |
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Mycobacterium teberculosis |
Teberculosis |
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Straight, rod-shaped bacteria, some of which are endospore forming, are referred to as? |
a. Cocci b. Baccilli c. Spirals d. Vibrios a: B |
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Beadlike chains of coci formed after cell division along a single axis are called |
a. diplococci b. Streptoocci c Tetrads d. Sarcinae a:b |
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Bacteria that use oxgen, but only at low concentration, are |
a. Obligate aerobes b.Microaerophiles c. Obligate anaerobes d. Aerotolerant anaerobes a:b |
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Bacteria that use organic compounds for both the sourse of carbon and energy are referred to as |
a. Photoautotrophs b. Chemoautotrophs c. Photoheterotrophs d. Chemoheterotrophs a: D |
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Microorganisms that show optimal growth at moderate temperatures (between 25 and 40 degrees Celsius are called |
a. thermophiles b. psychrophiles c. mesophiles d. psychrotrophs a:C |
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A mutation that involves the deletion or insertion of one ore more bases is a |
Frameshift mutation |
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Treponema Pallidum adn Borrelia Burgdorferi belong to the group of |
Spirochetes |
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Legionella and Neisseria are examples of: |
Gram-Positive Cocci |
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Which of the following is a host-dependent bacterium? |
a. Mycoplasma b. Ureaplasma c. Rickettsia d. Micrococcus a. C |
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bacteria whose overall shape is spherical or nearly spherical are referred to as |
Cocci |
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Microorganisms that grow only in the presence of oxygen are called |
Obligate aerobes |
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Nonchromosomal DNA molecules in bacteria are |
Plasmid |
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The transfer of genetic material during cell-to cell contact is a |
conjugation |
