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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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1) Superficial mycoses
Characteristics Examples |
limited to outermost layers of hair and skin - no host response elicited (b/c they don't grow on living host tissues)
Tinea nigra and versicolor infect keratinized layer of skin White and black piedra infect hair |
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2) Cutaneous mycoses
Characteristics |
keratinophilic fungi (with keratinases) - Infections are deeper in epidermis as well as infections of hair and nails - referred to as "ringworm" or tinea - markedly exacerbated by immune deficiencies
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3) Subcutaneous mycoses
Description |
involves dermis and subcutaneous tissue - infections occur at trauma sites where organism implanted into tissue
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Lymphocutaneous sporotrichosis =
Chromoblastomycosis = |
chronic infection - nodular and ulcerative lesions along lymphatic glands that drain primary inoculation site
warty nodules at implant sites |
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FREQUENCY/IMPORTANCE
Primary issue with superficial mycoses = Who do cutaneous infections usually affect? Where are subcutaneous infections usually found? |
cosmetic problem
Incidence generally higher in close or crowded living Tinea capitus - pediatric Tinea pedis and cruris (jock itch) - more common in men rare in highly developed countries |
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SUPERFICIAL PATHOGENS
Tinea versicolor: What pathogen causes it? Growth conditions Tinea nigra: Pathogen Structure Where are organisms acquired? |
Malassezia furfur
Lipophilic, grows around sweat glands Cladosporium (Exophiala) werneckii melanin-producing, dimorphic Transmitted by soil, animals, or direct human contact |
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CUTANEOUS PATHOGENS
Causative agent (general) Three genera Three classifications |
dermatophytes
Microsporum, trichophyton, epidermophyton geophilic (soil), zoophilic (animals), anthrophilic (humans) |
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SUBCUTANEOUS PATHOGENS
Can be found where? 2 examples |
On decaying plant matter
Sporothrix shenkii - dimorphic, causes sporotrichosis Dematiaceous fungi - causes chromoblastomycosis - has brown to black melanin |
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Diagnosis of superficial and cutaneous mycoses:
Endothrix vs Ectothrix: |
observe fungal elements in clinical specimens
10% NaOH mount Fungi inside vs outside hair shaft |
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PREVENTION/TREATMENT:
Superficial Cutaneous Subcutaneous |
1) topical or oral antifungal drugs
2) for dermatophytes - azoles with griseofulvin 3) Surgical intervention may be required |
