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108 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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sum total of genetic info carried by an organism?
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genome
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viruses can contain RNA or DNA?
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either
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RNA viruses have more single strand or double strands?
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double strands
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DNA viruses have what 2 types of strands?
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single and double strands
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flu is example of what?
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segmented
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when can genetic parasites replicate?
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once they reach the hosts internal cell
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virus attaches to host cell?
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absorption
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virus engulfed into vesicle?
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penetration
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what frees viral RNA into cell cytoplasm?
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uncoated
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cells takes the basic components of new viruses?
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synthesizes
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spike proteins go on cell membrane?
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assembly
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when nucleocapsid is formed from RNA & Capsomers?
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assembly
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when virus has spiked membrane enveloped around it? final stage?
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release
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inhibitors of cancer?
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oncogenic
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effect on cell?
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transformation
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what happens to host cell after phases?
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destroyed
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genital warts associated with cervical cancer?
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HPV
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most studied bacteriophage?
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E. Coli
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T-even bacteriophage phase doesn't have what step?
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uncoating
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which structures do bacteria fages attach to host?
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tail
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these are viruses that live in a host and cause disease later?
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latent
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infectious protein particles have what name?
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prion
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Krusfeld yucha disease is human form of?
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sponge form of efomoctomy in humans
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human body colozies by normal flora first?
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during and after birth
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which of these are considered not normal flora?
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e-coli
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stage of infectious disease sign and symptom most?
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period of invasion
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inital grief period such as muscle aches such as dull pain?
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prodromal
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evidence of disease felt by victim?
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symptom
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evidence measured by observation?
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sign
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study of frequency and distribution of disease?
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epidemology
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someone who harbors bacteria and spreads it?
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carrier
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animal such as an insect? carries the disease?
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vector
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object that harbors and transmits pathogens?
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fomite
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lukopenia is the term that deals with WBC in patient?
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too few
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diseases that can spread from animals to humans?
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zoohoses
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term for total number of deaths to a disease?
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mortality
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microorganism on body don't do harm?
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normal flora
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term for disease causing microorganism?
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pathogen
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transmission of disease by contact is called what?
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direct contract
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what method of disease transfer like insect bites?
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indirect contact
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epidemic spreads worldwide?
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pandemic
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infections by living in a hospital?
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noscomia
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reactivation of chicken pox is called what disease?
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shingles
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where is the best place to find staphlococus oris?
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nose
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papoloma virus responsible for causing what?
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genital warts
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mycoses caused by what?
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fungal disease
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on the body what is the first line of defense?
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upper epidermis
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term for any foreign substance that stimulates immune system?
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antigen
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these substances cause allergic reactions?
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allergen
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tissues transplanted to different spot on same patient?
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autograft
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frequent cancer seen in patients?
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capoisarcoma
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a virus in a tiny infectious?
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particle
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viruses are known to infect what?
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all organisms
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the capsid is composed of protein subunits called?
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capsomers
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the envelope of an animal viruse gets what from its host cell?
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membrane
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a prophage is an early stage in the development of?
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bacterial virus
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RNA viruses multiply where? and in DNA viruses multiply where?
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cytoplasm, nucleus
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enveloped viruses carry surface receptors called?
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spikes
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viruses cannot be cultivated in?
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blood agar
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clear patches in cell cultures that indicates sites of virus infection are called?
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plauqes
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what is the most absorbant area for toxins to enter on body?
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urogenital
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how do people get gastrointenstinal problems?
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food and water
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what does StORCH stand for?
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Syphilis, toxoplasmosis, other diseases, rubella, cytomegalovirus, and herpes simplex
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power to produce toxins?
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toxigenicity
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how is toxemia spread?
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blood circulation
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term for ingested toxin?
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intoxication
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term for restricted to one area?
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local
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term for infected all over?
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systemic
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toxin from local infection moved by blood on kidneys?
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focal
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term for several types of bacteria?
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mixed
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what is an example of primary infection?
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chicken pox
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what is a secondary infection?
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spread bacteria to other areas
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term for group of things acting together?
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syndrome
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what is the term for period between exposure and 1st symptom?
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incubation
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what is a short period where symtoms esculate?
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prodromal
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what does convalescence mean?
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recovery
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what 2 things are passive?
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utensils and clothing
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an example of fomite?
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object
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2 types of vectors?
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biological & mechanical
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who becomes sick with biological vector?
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becomes sick themselves
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who becomes sick with mechanical vector?
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carries physically through fur and flies
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what is the ability of microorganisms to cause infection and disease?
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pathogenicity
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what is natural immunity? 2 examples?
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by having chicken pox, mothers milk
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what is artifical immunity? 2 examples?
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vaccine, serum
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what is a reactio to allergens?
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anaphylaxis
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another term for allergic rhinitis?
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hay fever
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what does eczema mean?
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skin reaction
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where do you get skin in isograft?
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twin
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where do you get skin in allograft?
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different person
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where do you get skin in xenograft?
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different species
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best descriptive term for resident flora?
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cemmensals
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resident flora is commonly found in what area of body?
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urethra
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resident flora is absent from what part of body?
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lungs
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What is the specific action of hemolysins is to damage what?
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red blood cells
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example of non communicable infection?
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tetanus
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monocytes are ? and leukocytes turn into?
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agranular and macrophages
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B cells mature in what? T cells produce in what?
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bone marrow, thymus
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a vaccine that contains parts of viruses is called what?
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subunit
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what improves the contact between the antigen and lymphocytes?
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adjuvant
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a living microbe with reduced virulence that is used for vaccination is called?
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attenuated
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pollen is considered what type of allergen?
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inhalant
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B cells are responsible for what 2 allergies?
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asthma and tuberculin reactions
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the immediate cause of allergic symptoms?
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allergic mediators released from mast cells and basophils
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why can O blood type by donated to all people?
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because it lacks antigens
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what is an autoimmune disease that affects the joints?
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arthritis
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contact dermatitis is caused by what?
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chemical absorbed by the skin
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a positive tuberculin skin test is an example of what?
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delayed type allergy
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what disease is similar to AIDS?
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DiGeorge syndrome
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