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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What happens in the attachment step of the lytic cycle?
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virion binds to receptors on surface of host cell
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What happens during penetration?
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virion gains access to interior of the cell
*genetic material still enclosed in capsid or capsid + envelope |
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When the virion uncoats at the plasma membrane, where does the viral genome get released into?
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cytoplasm
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What type of viruses can uncoat at the PM and why?
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Enveloped viruses because the env. is like a PM that fuses with the host cell PM
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What cellular function is taken advantage of when viruses bind to the PM and cause a pit to form?
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receptor-mediated endocytosis
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What is an endosome?
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a vesicle that forms when a membrane encloses the virion
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What do late endosomes bind to in order for uncoating to occur?
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lysosomes
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When uncoating through endosomes, where is the viral genome relased into?
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the cytoplasm
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What type of viruses go through uncoating at the nuclear membrane?
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DNA viruses
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Where are viral genomes that are uncoated at the nuclear membrane released?
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into the nucleus directly
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What is the only way viruses can gain access to a plant?
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through lesions in the surface, no receptors for viruses
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What features do bacteriophages utilize on the outer surface of prokaryotic cells?
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lipopolysaccharides and glycoproteins
transport machinery |
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What feature do bacteriophages have?
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sex pili
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What must be synthesized in order for viruses to be spread via new virions?
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viral proteins and viral genomes
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Where do DNA viruses usually replicate?
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in nucleus
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Where do RNA viruses usually replicate?
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in cytoplasm
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What strand of RNA virus is equivalent to mRNA?
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the positive strand ( + )
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What is unique about RNA virus replication?
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the RNA virus must carry or express its own RNA-dependent RNA polymerases
*required to make RNA from viral mRNA to replicate genomes |
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During infection, which strand of the double stranded RNA virus is copied into mRNA?
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the negative strand
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What is responsible for copying the neg. strand of RNA into mRNA?
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viral RNA polymerase
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What is used to produce viral proteins?
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mRNA
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What enzyme converts RNA into DNA?
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reverse transcriptase
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What are retroviruses?
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RNA viruses that contain the enzyme reverse transcriptase
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What type of infection do retroviruses cause>
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latent infections
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What happens after reverse transcriptase converts RNA to DNA?
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the converted viral DNA can be inserted into the host cell chromosome
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What is host cell function is inhibited when viruses are replicating?
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DNA synthesis
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Why is DNA synthesis inhibited by the virus?
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all of the polymerases and proteins concentrate of VIRAL DNA synthesis
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What host process are shut down during virus replication?
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host transcription and translation
*virus completely reliant on host translational machinery and it may alter it for use by virus |
