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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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atom
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The smallest chemical unit of matter.
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element
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Matter composed of one kind of atom.
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Molecule
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What atoms form when they are chemically combined.
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Compounds
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Molecules made up of atoms of 2 or more elements .
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Atomic Number
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# of protons in an element
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Octet rule
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When the electron is stable. (Has all 8 electrons in the outer shell)
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Ion
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A charged atom made when an atom gains/loses one or more electrons.
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Cation
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A positively charged ion.
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Anion
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A negatively-charged ion.
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Atomic Mass
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The sum of the # of protons and neutrons in an atom.
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Mole
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*AKA Gram Molecular Weight
*The weight of a substance in grams (g) equal to the sum of the atomic weights of the atoms in a molecule of the substance. |
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Isotopes
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Atoms of a particular element that have diff. #'s of neutrons.
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Radioisotopes
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Radioactive isotopes.
*Radioactive: The nuclei of unstable isotopes that thend to emit subatomic particles and radiation. |
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Chemical Bonds
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Bonds that are fomed between atoms through interactions of electrons in their outer shells.
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Ionic Bonds
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Result from the attraction between ions that have opposite charges.
*A metal and nonmetal |
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Covalent Bonds
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Formed by the sharing of electrons.
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Polar Compound
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Unequal sharing of e- between atoms, molecule is called this.
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solvent
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The medium in which substances re dissolved.
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Solute
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The substances dissolved in the solvent.
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pH
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Proton concentrations.
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Reactants
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The substances that enter the reaction.
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Mixture
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Consists of 2 or more substances that are combined non-chemically.
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Solution
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A mixture of 2 or more substances where the molecules are evenly distributed and won't separate out upon standing. (Chemically combined)
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