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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Staphylococcus spp.
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-cause Acne vulgaris (bacterial condition)
-positive -coccus shaped |
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Treponema pallidum
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-causes syphilis - primary chancre & secondary rash
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Helicobacter pylori
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-causes gastric ulcer
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cause by many different bacteria
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-gingivitis
-ulcerative colitis |
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Anaerobic bacteria, Proteobacteria, & Staphylococcus
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-Anaerobic: cranial residence
-Protebacteria: abundant around middle of body (armpit) -Staphylococcus: caudal residence; lower extremities |
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Haemophilus influenza
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-smallest bacteria: 0.3 micrometers
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Thiomargarita nambiensis
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-largest bacteria: 750 micrometers
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Eukarya
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-Algae
-Protozoa -Fungi -Helminths |
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Viruses
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-non-living infectious agents
-euviruses -bacteriophages -megaviruses -inert phase (infected phase); active phase (inside cell) |
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Viroids
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-defective interfering particles
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Fungi
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-examples: yeast cells, Candida, & Valley fever spores
-innate immune system sensitive to chemical components of fungal cell wall: cellulose, glycogen, glucan, chitin, mannan, polygalactosamine, & galactan |
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Ascomycetes, Basidiomycetes, & Saccharomycetes
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-fungi that are human pathogens
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Megavirus chilensis
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-megavirus that affect protozoa
-large genome -found on coast of Chile -large virus that is larger than bacteria |
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Mimivirus
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-mega virus
-virus of protozoa |
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Protozoans
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-example: amoeba
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Worms
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-examples: nematode (microscopic) & hook worm (not microscopic)
-parasitic |
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Prions
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-proteins
-non-living infectious agents |
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Psychrophilic
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-aka cryophilic (like the cold)
-optimum growth @ cold temperatures (-5 to 15 degrees C) -example: bacteria in glaciers |
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Mesophilic
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-optimum growth at moderate temperatures (25-45 degrees C); our body temperature
-examples: gaseous gangrene, necrotizing fascitis, & fire blight |
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Thermophilic
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-optimum growth at high temperatures (45-70 degrees C)
-examples: bacteria grow in Yellowstone geysers at 92.8 degrees C (advantage of bacteria growing at high temperatures allows us to do PCR) |
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Hydrothermal vents
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-high pressure & temperature 380 degrees C allows precipitation of minerals as part of metabolic process
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Bacterial ice nucleation
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-bacteria live on plant surfaces (stomata) & produce ice nucleation protein that efficiently nucleates plants at high temperatures (-2 to -3 degrees C) to get frost damage
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Bradyrhizobium
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-negative & rod-shaped bacteria
-N-fixing plant symbiont that breaks triple bond in nitrogen to make ammonia for plants -grows on nodules on roots of legume plants -mutualism |
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Protocooperation
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-positive effect on both host & symbiont
-no real tight interaction between these organisms; even if replace one of those organisms, the other organisms doesn't notice the difference |
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Amensalism
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-no effect on host, but negative effect on symbiont
-host tries to suppress species e.g. thru toxin or immune system |
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Chemoautotrophic
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-energy derived from inroganic solutes
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Chemolithoautotrophic
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-energy derived from inorganic precipitates
-example: habitat for bacteria inside rock |
