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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Psychrophile: what they are, where they grow, when they grow
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Cold loving mircobes, growth at 0-20 degrees C, optimal is 5. Grow in ocean, water, snow
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Mesophile: what they are, when they grow, examples
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middle loving, grow at moderate temperatures. 20-50c, optimum is 37c. Example- human flora, soil, surface water
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Thermophile: what they are, when they grow, example
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Heat loving- 50-80c. optimum 60c. hot springs, hot tubs
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Extreme Thermophiles- what,when, examples
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extreme heat loving. 80-113c. op 100c. hot springs, hydrothermal ocean vents, volcanic vents
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aerobe
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reqiure oxygen for metabolism
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Anaerobes
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do not require oxygen for metabolism (rather fermentation)
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Faculative Anaerobes
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can grow with oxgen using respiration- prefered. may also grow without ox in fermentation.
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Microaerophiles
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grow best at low oxygen environment
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acidophile
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acid loving- extremely acidic. examples- picophlus sp
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picophilus sp
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acidophile. archae- mine waste, hot springs ru off
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Alkaphiles
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alkaline loving- very basic. example- halmonas campisais
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Halomonas Campisas
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alkaphile. Gram neg rod. isolated in soap lake wa.
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halophile
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salt loving microbe. most microbes are inhibnited by high salt environemtn. they can survive as archae up to 30%salt
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normal microbe salt tolerance
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1%
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barophiles
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high pressure loving. tolerate up to 700 atmos. live in bottom of ocean. example- thiomagarita namibienus- largest bacteria
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thiomargarita namibienus
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largest bacteria- barophile
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Deinococcus radiodurans
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bacterium found in radioactive waves. most resis to radiation
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sterilization
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destruction or removal of all forms of life
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heat methods of destruction
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take microbes out of their limits of range
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moist heat sterilization
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denatures proteins. effective at lower temps. penetrates quickly- boiling water
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autoclave sterilization
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120c for 15 minutes. use of steam under pressure
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dry heat sterilization
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oxidation of cellular components, requires more energy input. ex0 hot air oven
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uv light radiaiton
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100-400nm
absorbed by dna- causing cell death. doesnt penetrate well |
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ionizing radiation sterlization
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0.001-99nm. xrays/gamma rays. strips electrons from atoms, causing cell death. penetrtes
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electron beam sterilization
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millions of volts
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drying sterlization
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removal of water needed for growth
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filtration sterlization
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physically removing microbes from liquid/air
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low temp/refrig sterlization
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inhibits microbe growth, but doesnt kill
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disinfectants and examples
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chemical compound used fir killing microbes on inanimant objects- bleach ethanol,lysol
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antiseptics and examples
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used to kill microbes on living tissue (like body)- examples isopropyl alcohol, iodine, hydrogen, perozide, listerine
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