Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Microbial diseases of the digestive system are transmitted how?
|
Food and water. Fecal oral route
|
|
|
Bacterial diseases of the lower digestive system will most always cause?
|
Diarrhea, gastroenteritis, dysentery
|
|
|
What is the most prevalent treatment for digestive diseases?
|
Fluid and electrolyte replacement.
|
|
|
What is infection caused by in terms of what happens to the pathogen?
Incubation period is usually from ___ to ___ . |
Growth of pathogen
12 hours to 2 weeks. |
|
|
Symptoms of intoxication from a pathogen appear when?
|
1 to 48 hours after ingestion.
|
|
|
Staphylococcus aureus is a ____antigen.
Hint: This type of antigen causes a massive T cell immune response |
Super antigen = causes T cells to cause a massive immune response.
|
|
|
S. aureus food poisoning usually starts within ____ hours and lasts about ____hours.
|
1-6
24 |
|
|
Shigellosis is an infection that causes?
|
Inflammation and bleeding, bloody diarrhea.
|
|
|
Shigella spp. produces ____ which leads to the symptoms of infection.
|
Shiga toxin.
|
|
|
Salmonellosis involves what organism?
What is the mortality rate and why? |
Salmonella enterica
<1% due to septic shock from endotoxin |
|
|
How is relative risk determined when trying to find the source of an outbreak?
|
relative risk = exposed / unexposed
|
|
|
This organism is responsible for the release of cholera toxin.
|
Vibrio cholerae
|
|
|
_____ vibrios usually come from contominated crustaceans or mollusks.
|
Non-cholera
|
|
|
What are the common V. cholerae serotypes?
|
O:1, O:139 and eltor
|
|
|
This infection usually occurs as travelers diarrhea and epidemic diarrhea in nurseries.
|
E. coli Gastroenteritis
|
|
|
______ strains such as E. coli O157:H7 produce Shiga toxin.
What percentage of feedlot cattle contain this strain in their intestines? |
Enterohemorrhagic
50% |
|
|
O157:H7
O = ? H = ? |
O = cell wall antigen
H = flagellar antigen |
|
|
Campylobacter Gastroenteritis involves what organism?
This organism has gram ___ rods. |
Campylobacter jejuni
(-) rods |
|
|
How is all Gastroenteritis transferred to humans.
|
Fecal oral. Milk, meat, water
|
|
|
This form of gastroenteritis can be transmitted through meat and milk and its organisms can reproduce at 4 degrees C.
|
Yersinia Gastroenteritis
|
|
|
This form of Clostridium infection is most always present only after antibiotic therapy.
Present in nursing homes. |
Clostridium difficile
|
|
|
Ingestion of this bacterial exotoxin leads to mild symptoms and is usually found in Fried Rice.
|
Bacillus cereus (gastroenteritis)
|
|
|
Inflammation of liver.
30 day incubation Disease? |
Hepatitis
|
|
|
Hepatitis A is commonly acquired via?
|
Fecal oral route.
|
|
|
Two major types of Viral Gastroenteritis are?
|
Rotavirus
Norovirus |
|
|
Rotavirus is more common and dangerous for?
Norovirus? |
Infants and small children
Adults (50% have immunities) Cruise ship favorite. |
|
|
Mycotoxins are produced by ?
|
Fungi
|
|
|
Mycotoxins can cause?
|
Hallucinations, gangrene, liver damage, cancer
|
|
|
Claviceps purpurea grows on?
Produces? Leads to? hint: mycotoxins |
Grains
Produces ergot Leads to hallucinations + gangrene |
|
|
Aspergillus flavus grows on?
Produces? Leads to? hint: mycotoxins |
grains + peanuts
produces alfatoxin causes liver damage + cancer |
|
|
How is Giardiasis transmitted to humans?
Effects? |
Contaminated water (beaver fever)
Long lasting diarrhea |
|
|
Metronidazole is a treatment for what?
|
Giardiasis
|
|
|
What type of organism is Giardia lamblia? (Giardiasis)
How is Giardiasis diagnosed? |
Protozoan
Microscopic examination of stool ova and trophozoite. |
|
|
Cryptosporidiosis.
Species? Transmitted how? Diagnosed how? Treatment? |
Cyptosporidium hominis
oocysts in contaminated water acid-fast staining of stool, FA, ELISA Oral rehydration |
