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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the 2 types of enterobacteriacea?
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Salmonella and Shigella
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What's dysentery?
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bloody poop w/ mucus and pus
abd pain, tenesmus, fever inflammatory diarrhea (neutrophils and mucus) |
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What's the main reservoir of Shigella?
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humans
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what's the infectious dose of shigella?
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very low! that's why it's so easy to spread from person to person
and it's really resistant to stomach acid |
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what does Shiga toxin do?
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screws up 60s ribosomal subunit so that protein synthesis gets messed up and enterocyte can't make any more proteins
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How does Shigella invade your enterocytes?
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1. enters through M cells and attacks macrophage
2. re-enters cell from basolateral side; goes into cytoplasm and escapes phagolysosome and starts to replicate. 3. enters neighbors via actin tail Type 3 secretion system? Surface Erosion/ulcer: invaded neighbors die and slough off |
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Where does salmonella attack in the small intestine?
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ileum
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What are the 2 clinical syndromes of Salmonella?
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1. gastroenteritis
2. typhoid fever |
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How do you get salmonella infections?
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food! (poultry, meat, eggs, dairy)
H2O w/ poop in it |
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What are the two serotypes of salmonella that cause typhoid fever?
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typhi
paratyphi |
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Does salmonella have a low or high infectious dose?
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HIGH (10^7)
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How does typhoid fever work?
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1. typhi/paratyphi invades ileal mucosa and evades neutrophils
2. systemic! goes into lymphatics and into blood 3. bug survives and replicates in monocytes and macrophages-->bacteremia-->symptoms show! |
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what are the stages of typhoid fever?
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wk 1: HIGH fever, spots on your chest, big spleen
wk 2: MORE fever wk 3: TYPHOIDAL STATE: ya crazy and have diarrhea wk 4: all better |
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why do you have to get a cholecystectomy?
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salmonella typhi/paratyphi lives in your gallbladder! chronic carrier
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How does S. typhi screw you over?
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1. adheres w/ pili
2. injects its proteins into cell using appendage 3. TYPE 3 SECRETION SYSTEM: induce cytoskeletal rearrangements to get bacterial uptake; promote bacterial escape; migrate to everwhere 4. salmonella survives and multiplies in vacuoles bacterial-mediated endocytosis |
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What are the non-typhoidal serotypes of Salmonella?
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1. choleraseuis
2. enteritidis 3. dublin 4. typhimurium: mimics the fever in mice |
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What's S. typhi's virulence (vi) vapsule good for?
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interferes with complement (opsonization) so you have less complement-mediated phagocytosis
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True/False:
E. coli can ferment lactose |
True
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Which bacteria is EIEC similar to?
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Shigella sonnei
except sonnei is non-motile and doesn't ferment lactose but it does use TYPE 3 SECRETION, VACUOLES, and ACTIN TAILS |
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Where is Yersinia enterocolitica common?
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Northern Europe and Canada
(they don't pasteurize their stuff) |
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What are the significant clinical findings of Yersinia?
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pseudoappendicitis (YOU SURE?)
liver and spleen abscesses Reiters: polyarthritis |
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How can you get a Campylobacter infection?
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eating a bad burger, bad chicken, unpasteurized stuff, poopy water
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What does this bacteria look like under a microscope?
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a seagull
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Do you get bloody diarrhea from a Campylobacter infection?
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sometimes
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What does campylobacter infection cause?
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bacteremia, reiter's, guillan-barre syndrome (paralysis of your periph nerves)
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Is Listeria monocytogenes gram positive/negative?
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POSITIVE(purple)
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What population is most affected by Listeria?
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preggers, immunocompromised
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What makes listeria so strong?
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it resists cold temps and low pH and high salt
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How can you get Listeria infection?
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eating unpasteurized stuff (like mexican cheese), undercooked meats (deli meat), raw veggies
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What's the virulence factor of listeria? and what does it do?
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listeriolysin O: lyses phagolysosome membrane so bacteria escapes into the cytosol
(uses actin tail) |
