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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Are viruses cellular or acellular?
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Viruses are acellular
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What is the structure of a virus?
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Viruses contain DNA or RNA encased in a membrane like envelope
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Where are viruses found?
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Found anywhere there are host cells
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What do viruses do in their lives?
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Exist to reproduce
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What are prions made of?
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Prions are proteinaceous particles
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What do prions cause?
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Cause loss of mental or physical control
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What are 2 examples of what prions cause?
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Cause mad cow disease and Creutzfeld-Jacob disease
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Do microbes contribute to human life?
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Over 99% of microbes contribute to human life
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Where are microbes found?
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Everywhere on earth
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What do microbes help?
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Help with waste dematerialization
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What food do microbes help make?
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Help make cheese, wine, chocolate
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What do microbes do to other food?
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Make food spoil
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What kills microbes?
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Salt and acid kills
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What useful products do microbes take part in creating?
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Make antibiotics, petroleum, and medicines
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What can microbes serve as?
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Pesticides, decomposers, and chemicals
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What does microbe stand for?
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microorganism
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what unique parts do plant cells have?
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cell walls, chloroplasts, and a large central-vacuole
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What is a prokaryotic cell?
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no nuclear membrane
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what is an eukaryotic cell?
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organized nuclei
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where are mitochondria?
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in all cells
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Major groups of microbes are...
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bacteria, archaea, algae, fungi, protists, and viruses
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Acellular is...
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not having cellular components
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Prions are...
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proteinaceous infectious particles
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Mitochondria are found in...
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both Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells
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It is believed that both chloroplasts and mitochondria...
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were once independent Prokaryotes who took up residence in the Eukaryotic cell and have developed a special symbiotic relationship
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Bacteria live...
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in all environments – even above boiling point and below freezing point
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Three shapes of bacteria –
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spherical , rod , and spiral or helical
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Gram positive bacteria
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stain purple under Gram stain
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have a thick bilayer wall of the polymer peptidoglycan
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Gram negative bacteria (1)
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stain red
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have a thin layer of this polymer and an additional lipopolysaccharide outer layer, LPS
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Gram negative bacteria (2)
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often endotoxic
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capable of initiating inflammation and cell-mediated immune responses
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When were archaea developed?
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in the formation of earth
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archaea are extremely tolerant to...
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heat, toxic gases, acid
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where are algal protists found?
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in moist areas
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algal protists produce...
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a lot of oxygen
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protozoa are like...
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animals
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what do protozoa eat?
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they hunt other microbes for food
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Archaea are similar to...
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bacteria – prokaryotic
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Archaea cell walls lack...
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peptidoglycan + other differences
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Archaea are involved in what cycles?
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carbon & nitrogen
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are algae prokaryotic or eukaryotic?
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eukaryotic
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some protozoa can cause...
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dysentery and malaria
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At the cellular level, fungi are more like like _____ cells than _____ cells.
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like animal cells than like plant cells
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fungi live...
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anywhere that there is other life to feed on
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