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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define integument
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skin + skin apendeges
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What are the two types of skin?
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Thick and thin
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Identify the layers of integument
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1. Epidermis
2. Dermis 3. Hypodermis (not true part of integument) |
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Name the skin appendages
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sweat glands
sebaceous glands hair follicles nails |
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Compare and contrast: thick and thin skin with respect to layers of the epidermis
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Thin = thin epidermis
Thick = thick epidermis *thick/thin classified by epidermis |
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Which type of skin lacks the stratum lucidum?
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Thin skin
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Which type of skin is glaborous (lacks hair)?
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Thick skin
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Where is thick skin primairly found?
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Palms of hands and soles of feet
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What are the 4/5 layers of the epidermis? from top to bottom
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Stratum corneum
Stratum lucidum (thick skin) Stratum granulosum Stratum spinosum Stratum basale |
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What is the primary cell type in the epidermis?
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Keratinocyte (starts in basale and as we move closer to corneum the cells die and get hard)
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Where are melanocytes found?
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Stratum basale
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What is the function of a melanocyte?
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produce melanin to transfer keratnocytes
protect the skin from UV radiation |
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What is the epidermal-melanin unit?
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One large melanocyte cell surrounded by keratnocyctes it serves
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Name some key features about the stratum granulosum
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Beginning of keratization of cells (death)
Granular appearance of cells Dark layer (keratohylanie granuels) |
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Which enzyme is defective in?
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Tyrosinase
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Name some key features about the stratum spinosum
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1. numerous desmosomes
2. cells in early stages of keratin synthesis |
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What are lamellar bodies and what do they do?
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Lamellar bodies membrane coated graunels released in the by cells in stratum granulosum that secrete lipids to teflon coat the skin
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Name some of the key features of the stratum lucidum
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Clear layer, only in thick skin,
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Name some of the key features of the stratum corneum
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Largest in thick skin, mostly keratin and dead cells,
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Where are langerhan cells and where are they derived from?
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Stratum spinosum
derived from moncyctes "macrophage like" |
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Where are merkel cells? What may they be involved with?
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Between dermis and epidermis
Light touch |
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What are the two layers of the dermis (top to bottom)?
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papillary
reticular |
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The dermis contains:
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Dense irregular CT, BVs, and sensory organs
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What is at the dermal and epidermal junction?
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Epidermal ridges and dermal papillae
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What is the meissner corpusple and where is it at?
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Located in within dermal papillae, involved in sense of touch
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What is the pacinian corpusple and where is it at?
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In reticular dermis, sense vibration and deep pressure
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Merocrine/eccrine secrete what and how?
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Water secretions, exocytosis
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How are appocrine sweat glands and merocrine different?
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Appocrine are in axillary areas, anal, and areolar
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Apocrine sweat glands open to what?
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Hair folicles
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Sebaceous glands secrete what?
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Sebum (oil)
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What is the type of secretion do sebaceous glands do?
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Holocrine (all cell contents dumped into tubes of gland)
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What muscle cause hair to stand up?
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Arrector pili
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Carotene causes skin to be what color?
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Orange/yellow
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Hemoglobin causes skin to be what color?
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Red
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Melanin causes skin to be what color?
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the actualy skin color
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Bilirubin causes skin to be what color?
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Yellow
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Is the hypodermis part of the skin?
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NO
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The hypodermis contains:
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Subcutaneous fat, some pacinian corpusles, fasica
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Describe cell type/layers involved with basal cell carcinoma
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starts in epidermis...usually not a serious issue
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Describe cell type/layers involved with squamous cell carcinoma
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not too crazy
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Describe cell type/layers involved with melanoma
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deadly, melanin cells messed up
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