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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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What substance(s) are responsible for the immediate hypersensitivity rxn in Type 1 hypersensitivity?
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vasoactive amines and lipid mediators
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What substance(s) are responsible for the late phase rxn in Type 1 hypersensitivity?
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cytokines
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individuals who have a higher level of IgE and eosinophils (10-40% of pop)
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atopic
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antigens of Type 1, Immediate Hypersensitivity reactions activate what?
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B cell class switching to IgE
&Th2 cells (IL-4) |
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Mast cell mediators
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-SRS-A (slow releasing substance of anaprophylaxis) = leukotrines
-serotonin -TNF -ECF-A (eosinophil chemotactic factor of anaphylaxis) |
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which of the four hypersensitivity reactions does NOT involve autoimmunity?
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Type 1: immediate anaphylactic hypersensitivity
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Basophil influx is stimulated by:
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TGFϸ & IL-3
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Eosinophil influx stimulated by:
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IL-5 & GM-CSF
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what cytokine is involved in chronic asthma hypersensitivity?
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IL-13 (produced by Th2)
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most severe type of Type 1 Hypersensitivity?
what type of tissue exposure? |
systematic anaphylaxis
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intravenous (peanuts count)
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effects of epi given to treat type 1 hypersensitivity
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-forms tight junctions
-relaxes bronchial smooth muscles -stimulates heart |
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which cytokine is critical for producing IgE?
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IL-4 (induces the B cell class switching)
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Cells that constitutively express IgE?
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Mast cells
(NOT basophils!) |
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mediators of increased vascular permeability and smooth muscle contraction in type 1 hypersensitivity rxns
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histamine and leukotrines
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what is the name of type II reactions?
what is the major mediator of Type II Hypersensitivity reactions? |
antibody-mediated (cytotoxic) hypersensitivity
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Ig-G
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Mechanism of action of Type II Hypersensitivity reactions
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-IgG binds to cell-associated Ag -->compliment activation --> MAC attack & lysis or --> phagocytosis (C3b)
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examples of Type II hypersensitivity
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-ABO transfusion reaction
-penicillin induced RBC/platelet Ag changes -autoimmune diseases (myasthenia gravis, hypo/erthyroidism, insulin-resistant diabetes |
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Mediators of Type III Hypersensitivity?
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IgG/Ag Immune Complex deposition, activation of compliment (C5a), which activates Mast cells
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example of Type III hypersensitivity
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serum sickness
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which hypersensitivity rxn is NOT Ig mediated?
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Type IV
how much allergen do these reactions need comparatively? |
Type IV requires a much greater amount of allergen
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Type IV Hypersensitivity reactions are mediated by what?
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Ag-specific effector T cells
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Delayed-type hypersensitivity
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type IV
Ag = proteins (insect venom, TB) |
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Contact Hypersensitivity
activates what type of effectes? |
Type IV
Ag = Haptens (poison ivy) & metal ions (nickle) |
CD4+ T cells (activate immune cells)
CD8+ T cells (kill chemical reacted cells w/foreign Ag) |
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Gluten-sensitive enteropathy
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Type IV
Ag = Gliadin |
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serum sickness
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Type III
fever, vasculitis, arthritis, nephritis |
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ABO transfusion hypersensitivity reaction
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type II
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penicillin induced hypersensitivity reaction
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type II
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autoimmune dieases such as hyper/othyroidism and insulin-resistant diabetes
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type II
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allergies
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type I
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what is important to type IV reactions?
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TH1 cytokines, chemokines, & cytotoxins
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