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61 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what ectoparasites will be focus on? |
lice
scabies KNOW the vetors of all |
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are ectoparasites (arthropods)parasites
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yep
**they are vectors from lots of microbial diseases. some also cause toxigenic disease |
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what kinds of diseases can be passed from arthropods
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microbial and toxigenic
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tell me a little about ticks
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slow feeders, dont transmit disease fast
**really common transmitter of disease (the most common is mosquito!, ticks are second most common) |
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at what stage in the life cycle is a tick an epidermal parasite
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larval
nymphal adult |
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whats the scutum on a tick?
what is the hypostome? how many legs and things |
scutum: sheild, not on females so they engorge
hypostome: the part of the tick that sticks into the host, its arrmed 6 legs in larva, 8 in nymph and adult |
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how can you tell if a tick is larval? cant it attach
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6 legs, ya all stages can attach. the hypostome is what attaches into you
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why do female ticks get so engorged
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it doesnt have the scutum sheild over entire body
**females can eat for weeks! (slow feeders, takes a while to transmit disease) **males feed intermittently |
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how does female tick lay eggs
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needs TONS of blood, needs to be engorged
**they deposit eggs on the ground and then dies |
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whats the best way to remove a tick
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take it out by the hypostome
**can coat it with petroleum jelly |
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how can you avoid getting a disease from ticks
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avoid ticks: wear long sleves/pants
DEET repellent *remove ticks fast from hypostome, recall they are slow feeders so it takes a while to pass disease |
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what are 3 medically important ticks
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1. Ixodes- blood sucking, vectors for: lyme disease, babesiosis
2. Dermacentor: blood sucking. Vectors for: tularemia, RMSF, CO tick fever, tick paralysis 3. Ambylomma: blood sucking. Vector for: tularemia, Lyme disease, RMSF, tick paralysis "lone star" |
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what is this tick a vector for?
ixodes dermacentor ambylomma |
**all are blood sucking
Ixodes: lyme disease, babesiosis Dermacentor: tularemia, RMSF, CO tick fever, tick paralysis Amblyomma: tularemia, lyme disease, RMSF, tick paralysis "lone star" |
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whats the lone star tick
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has a weird single spot on it
amblyomma **vector for: tularemia, lyme disease, RMSF, tick paralysis |
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2 -yr-old girl from California is taken to the hospital
because of a 2-day history of unsteady gait, difficulty in standing, & reluctance to walk. She is afebrile & alert upon admission, but w/in hours she has onset of drooling & tachypnea. By chance the nurse detects an engorged tick on the girl’s hairline near the ear. W/in 7 hr of removal, the symptoms diminish markedly, & she is discharged the following day. |
tick paralysis (dermacentor, amblyomma)
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tell me about tick paralysis
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well it happens after the tick has fed for several days, something in the females spit makes paralysis occur.
**respiratory paralysis can cause death **confused with polio or GBS |
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are all mites parasites
what are they similar to what are ex |
nope
like a tick but microscopic Pyemotes, Demodex, Eutrombicula, & Sarcoptes |
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whats pyemotes dermatitis
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mite infection
straw and grain itch mites, bites provoke an allergic response |
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what is the mite whos bite provokes an allergic response
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pyemotes
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what mite lives in the pores or eyelash
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Demodex folliculorum
*follicular involvement |
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whats demodex dermatitis
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the follicular mite that lives in the pores of face and eyelashes
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what is chiggers (eutrombicula)
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this one likes reptiles/birds etc, doesnt really like this!
NO burrow but itchy tx with OTC antiitch |
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what bug likes reptiles more than humans and causes an itch but does NOT burrow
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chiggers, eutrombicula
**really long hypotosome |
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what more concerning chiggers or scabies, why
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scabies, this one burrows. chiggars does NOT burrow
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what does scabies do?
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females burrow, males dont burrow
**results in itchy eruptions when there is a burrow **erruptions on areas tightly constricted ie beltline, breast, genitals **crusted norwegian scabies are more intense and linked to HIV *pediatric scabies is simliar to morwegian scabies |
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what is the more serious scabies
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norwegian, linked to HIV
**pediatric scabies is simliar to norwegian **scabies burrows (chiggars does not burrow) **common lesions in hands, wrist, breast, gentalia, but, perineum |
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can scabies be an STD?
what about zoonotic |
yes
Sarcoptes scabiei also zoonotic, but its self limited **human variety is linked to crowded conditions |
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what might you find burrowed in a tunnel
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scabies
**they mate on top of the skin and then the female burrows into the skin, in the tunnel there are eggs larvea and fecal debris **not a hard dx to make, just take mineral oil and get a scraping with a slide **makes itchy btwn fengers, backs of knees, genitals, under breasts |
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what are complications of scabies
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bad that it burrows
secondary bacterial pyoderma poststrep glomerulonephritis |
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tell me about norwegian scabies
associated with what |
crusted lesions with mites on head, neck, but, perianal
associated with HIV |
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whats the deal with scabies and aids
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get norwegian scabies, the nasty scabies, bad
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whats pediatric scabies
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simliar to norwegian, affects kids
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whats the ID and tx for scabies
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take a scraping from skin with mineral oil and find: mite, larva, egg, or poop (scybala) in the scabies burrow
tx: permethrin, ivermectin **note can be itchy a week after treatmetn |
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whats scybalum
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poo in a scabie tunnel
treat with permethrin, ivermectin |
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what are hte 2 types of lice
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1. Pubic: pthirus "crabs"
2. Head/Body: pediculus |
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what is phthirus pubis
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crabs, its pubic lice
nits (eggs) are cemented to hair but bite nad feed in the pubic area |
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whats a phthirus pubis nit
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egg, its crabs
they live on hair then the adults bite and feed in the pubic area |
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whats pediculus humanus? what can it transmit
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head/body lice
transmit epidemic typhus Tx with permethrin |
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what is head lice, what do they do
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pediculus humanis & capiti (body, head)
nits (eggs) are cemented to hairs and clothing and everything soft in your house **epidemic typhus is passes this way, transmitted by crowded living condisitons tx with OTC pediculidicides and permethrin |
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how is pediculus humanis & capitis transmitted
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combs, hats etc
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where is the nit in pediculus humanis
how long is the eff to egg cycle what is it a vector for what is the tx |
hair/body lice
nit (egg is cemented to hair bite irrutaiton (blood sucker), passes epidemic typhus. common in crowded living conditions tx with permethrin |
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whats bed bug
whats kissing bug |
Bed: cimex lectularius
Kissing: triatoma |
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what is cimex lectularis
what is triatoma |
bed bug: blood sucker, carries disease
kissing bug: triatoma, spreads chagas, blood sucker |
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while you are sucking face, what is sucking blood?
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tiratoma, passes chagas (cardiomyopathy)
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what passes tapeworm
what pases allergic dermatitis what passes hte plague |
Tapeworm: human flea (pulex)
Allergic Dermatitis: cat flea (ctenocephalides) Plague: rat flea (xenopsylla) human flea (pulex) **these are all fleas, blood sucking parasites |
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what is transmitted by the following flea
1. pulex 2. ctenocephalides 3. xenopsylla |
1. human flea (pulex) tapeworm and plague
2. cat flea (ctenocephalides) allergic dermatitis 3. Rat Flea (xenopsylla) plague |
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what bug is flat BL, wingless and has legs for jumping
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flea
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how are fleas controlled
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kill rates, clean house/cat bedding, insecticides adn flea collars
**prevents: plague (human and rat- xenopsylla) and allergic dermatitis (cats, ctenocephalides) and tapeworm (human, pulex) |
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whats pulex irritans
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human flea, vector for plague and tapeworms
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what can give you bite hypersensitivity
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cat flea, ctenicephalides
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whats xenopsylla cheopis
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rat flea, spreads plague
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whats tunga penetrans?
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painful nodular swelling
major burrower, makes nasty lesions, can be on feet **it will be the wrong answer on exam |
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what mosquite feeds on blood
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females, they are blood sucking parasites
*the are the NUMBER ONE VECTOR FOR TRANSMITTING DISEASE dengue, maleria, yellow fever, dirofilriasis, filariasis, encephalitis |
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what are the 3 spp of mosquito
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culex
anopheles aedes |
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tell me about flies
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blood sucking parasites
transmit filth parasite vector bots and myiasis Simulium—onchocerciasis Phlebotomus—leishmaniasis Chrysops—tularemia & loaiasis Glossina—sleeping sickness Dermatobia—dermatobiasis |
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what is teh following fly responsible for
Simulium— Phlebotomus— Chrysops— Glossina— Dermatobia— |
Simulium—onchocerciasis
Phlebotomus—leishmaniasis Chrysops—tularemia & loaiasis Glossina—sleeping sickness Dermatobia—dermatobiasis |
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myiasis
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Maggots:
super gross, obligate parasites, opprotunists |
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do maggots makes myiasis on living or dead tissue
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some to living, some do dead
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are maggots good? how can they be remive
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ehh, they can be used medically to clean wounds (important in war time)
put petroleum jelly to remove maggots |
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whats the human skin bot
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dermatobia hominis
mosquito partecipates in infectation, painful skin nodule, central/s american parasite surgical removal or put bacon on wound |
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how do we know for sure bacon is delicious
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it will coax the human skin bot (dermatobia hominins) out of its burrow, it needs surgery otherwise
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