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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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chemotherapy
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the use of drugs to treat a disease
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antimicrobial drugs
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interfere with the growth of microbes within a host
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antibiotic
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a substance produced by a microbe, that in small amounts, inhibits another microbe
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a drug has " selective toxicity"
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this means that is has more effect on the microbial cells then the host cells
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1928 fleming
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discovered penicillin (produced by pennicilum- a fungus)
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Howard Florey 1940
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performed first clinical trials of penicillan
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where do antibiotics come from?
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-More than 50% of currently used antibiotics originated from Streptomyces
species -Some from fungi/moulds -A few from other bacterial species |
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spectrum
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the range of microbes that an antibiotic affects
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broad spectrum antibiotics
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antibiotics which work on a large range of microbes
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over use of broad spectrum antibiotics can lead too?
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by superinfection by the pathogenic microbe (normal host microbiota suppressed
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bactericidal
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antibiotics which kill bacterial cells
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bacteriostatic
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Antibiotics which suppress the growth of bacteria without killing them
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2 penicillans
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-natural
-semisynthetic (they act by preventing cross-linking of peptidoglycans in (bacterial) cell wall) |
