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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Which gram positive bacteria can synthesize catalase?
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Staphyloccus
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Staphyloccus is virulent because what 3 reasons?
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1: Structures that enable it to evade phagocytosis
2: the production of enzymes 3: production of toxins |
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What does Staphyloccus's protein A do?
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binds to stems of antibodies (IgG), which inhibits opsonization and complement cascade.
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Which gram positive bacteria uses "bound coagulase" to form blood clots around itself to protect from phagocytic cells?
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Staphyloccus
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Which bacteria uses Protein A, bound coagulase and a slime layer to evade the body's defenses?
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Staphyloccus
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Which gram positive bacteria is one of the more common causes of food poisoning?
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Staphyloccus Aureus
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Pyogenic lesion of the skin "scalded skin syndrome" is caused by what gram positive bacteria?
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Staphyloccus Aureus
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What are the different kinds of systemic disease that Staphyloccus will cause (5)?
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Toxic shock syndrome - fever, vomiting, Low BP
Bacteremia - bacteria in the blood Endocarditis - attack lining of heart Pneumonia and Empyema - fluid filled lungs Osteomyelitis - invasion of the bone |
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Which bacteria can be identified due to its "grape-like" arrangement?
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Staphyloccus
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What bacteria can be identified due to its "pairs of chains" arrangement?
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Streptococcus
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Which bateria contains catalse Streptococcus or Staphyloccus?
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Staphylococcus
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Which group of Streptococcus exhibit beta hemolysis? (complete break down of RBC, area becomes lightened or transparent)
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Group A, aka Streptococcus pyogenes
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What are the two main structural features that enables Streptococcus Pyogenes to evade phagocytosis?
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1.) Protein M - destabilizes complement
2.) Hyaluronic acid capsule - WBC ignore because Hyaluronic acid is normal in the body |
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Antibacteria drugs have no effect on bacterial pharyngitis or viral pharyngitis?
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viral - duh!
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What do Goup A pyrogenic toxins stimulate macrophages and helper T lymphocytes to release?
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cytokines, which stimulate fever, rash and possibly shock. Cause capillaries to dilate.
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Necrotizing Fasciitis "flash eating strep" is what kind of Streptococcus bacteria?
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S. Pyogenes or Group A
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What is the result of a complicated form of Streptococcal pharyngitis?
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Rheumatic fever - an autoimmune disorder where antibodies directed against Streptococcus actually cross react with heart antigens - damaged heart valves.
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Penicillin "is/is not" effective against S. Pyogenes?
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It is effective
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Which Group of Streptoccus has group specific, polysaccharide cell wall antigens?
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Group B - Streptococcus Agalactiae
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Which forms of Streptococcus causes pharyngitis? Which one does not lead to rheumatic fever?
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Streptococcus Group A (pyogenic), and Streptococcus equisimilis, Strep equisimils does not lead to rheumatic fever
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Which form of Streptococcus bacteria form green pigment when grown on blood media?
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Viridans Streptococci (Alpha-hemolytic)
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Which form of Streptococcus is one of the causes of dental caries>
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Viridans Streptococci
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The cells of virulent strains of S. pneumoniae are surrounded by a _______ ___________, which protects them from digestion after endocytosis?
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polysaccaride capsule
(must have capsule to be virulent) |
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What are the main characteristics of enterococcus?
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1.) Uncapsulated
2.) Gram positive 3.) catalase-negative 4.) produce gas during fermentation of sugars 5.) non-hemolytic (gamma hemolytic) |
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Enerococcus is/isnt sensitive to bile?
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It is not sensitive to bile.
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Which type of Streptococcus causes purulent abscesses?
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SStreptococcus Anginosus
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Which two bacteria are Endospore forming?
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1.) Bacillus
2.) Clostridium |
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What are the methods of transmission of anthrax?
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1.) inhalation of endospores
2.) innoculation through a break in the skin 3.) Ingestion (rare in humans) |
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Which of the three forms of anthrax is the least common in humans?
1. inhaled anthrax 2. cutaneous anthrax (black spot) 3. Gastrointestinal anthrax |
gastrointestinal anthrax
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