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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the generation time for M. tuberculosis?
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at least 12 hours
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What bacterial family has waxy cell walls?
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Mycobacteria
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Why is atb. tx difficult with Mycobacteria?
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the waxy cell wall prevents penetration by some atb.
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What dye is used for Mycobacteria?
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carbol fuchsin(ruby red stain) speciman is heated over steam to obtain stain entry....
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Mycobacteria dye contiued...
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then destained with an acid fortified decolorizer. Counter stained with a blue dye.(methylene blue)
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After finalizing staining process, Mycobacterium will look like.....
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the Mycobacterium will appear red and the other cells(human) will be blue.
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How can diag. TB be sped up?
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Tine test and sputum samples.
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Who are at risk for TB
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poor, prisoners and AIDS patients.
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Characteristics of the Diphtheria bacterium
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gram-pos.
club shaped bacillus cells stick together- chinese character appearence |
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Causative agent for Diphtheria
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diphtherotoxin(Corynebacterium diphtheriae)
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Diphtheria affects what part of the body?
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the heart, nervous system and cause death.
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How does diphtheria affect the body?
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a pseudomembrane forms in the pharynx(tonsils)and can cause asphyxiation.
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What could happen if the membrane is removed?
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the pt. could bleed to death
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How can diphtheria be prevented?
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Vaccine-a toxoid of diphtherotoxin
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What are the characteristics of Pertussis?
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gram-pos
coccobacillus |
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What is the causative agent for Pertussis?
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Bordetella pertussis
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What other name is pertussis known by?
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whooping cough.
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What age group is mainly affected by pertussis?
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Children
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What is a classic symptom for pertussis?
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whoop sounding cough, labored breathing, subconjunctival hemorrhaging due to cough
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Why is pertussis still a threat?
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Parents are not vaccinating the children
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Discribe the current pertussis vaccine.
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fimbriae, toxoid, capsule and hemagglutinin factor.
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Name the vaccines for diphtheria and pertussis.
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Dpt-diphtheria, pertussis and tetanus. acellular
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What vaccine is used for all people and name the one used for adults only
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DaPT--all people
daPT--modified--adults |
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What are the characterisitics for Streptococcal Dieases?
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gram-pos, spheres(cocci)in chains(strepto) from one to many cells, hemolytic reactions help differentiate
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What is genera;;y present in the Streptoccoci cell envelope?
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a C carbohydrate layer, to which humans produce Abs(antibodies)
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Rebecca Lancefield developed what?
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a system of classification of the C carbohydrates--group A, group B and so on
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Describe the 2nd method of grouping.
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based on hemolytic reaction of bacteria on blood agar.
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Completely clear zone of hemolysis, is called what?
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B-hemolytic
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a-hemolysis(incomplete hemolysis or a breakdown of globin to a greenish product)are
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a-hemolyic Streptococcus pneumoniae.
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Streptococcus pneumoniae is also known as
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viridans streptococci
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Lack of hemolysis is called...?
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y-hemolysis(a misnomer since there is no hemolysis)
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Steptococci do not secrete..?
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catalase.
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Catalase is useful in what way?
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helps to diffentiate Streptococci from Staphylococcus
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Common site for streptococcal diseases are..
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the throat, oral cavities, vagina, and intestines
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Characteristics of Acute Pharyngitis.
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B-hemolytic, group A strep(C-carbohydrate type), pyogenic
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Streptococcus pyogenes is identical to..?
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group A strep--used in clinical settings.
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S. pyogenes causes what?
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acute pharyngitis, or strep throat.
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C-carbohydrate prevents what?
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lysozyme entry, thus PG degradation.
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