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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Sporothrix schenckii
Dx Cause |
Sporotrichosis
Aka rose gardener's disease Associated with thorn pricks |
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Sporotrichosis
Cause Morphology |
Sporothrix schenckii
Cigar-shaped yeast |
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Sporotrichosis
Clinical presentation |
Primary lesion
Granulomatous ulcer Secondary lesion Ulcerative lesions along draining lymphatics (cord-like lymphangitis) |
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Sporotrichosis
Diagnosis |
Culture biopsy
on Sabourand agar |
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Sporotrichosis
Treatment |
Most lesion heal spontaneously
Oral itraconazole Oral potassium iodide |
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Madurella grisea
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Mycetoma
aka mycetoma |
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Mycetoma
Clinical presentation |
Localized abscess on feet
Discharges pus, blood Sinus tracts, spread to bone White / colored grains that are compacted hyphae in exudate |
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Mycetoma
Chromoblastomycosis Treatment |
Surgical excision
More effective than antifungals |
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Chromoblastomycosis
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Phialophora
Cladophialoohora Warty nodule infects lymph system Round fungal cells |
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Cutaneous fungal pathogens
General name 3 main genera |
Dermatophytes
Epidermophyton Microsporum Trichophyton |
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Dermatophytoses
Cinical presentation |
Annular, sharp margins
Raised legion, pruritic Erythematous Clear or scaly centre |
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6 common dermatophytoses?
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Ringworm - T corporis
Athletes foot - pedis Scalp ringworm - capitis Beard - barbae Jock itch - cruris Nails - unguium |
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dermatophytosis
diagnosis - 4 ways |
1) KOH--> fungal filaments microscope
2) Green fluorescence with UV light (Wood lamp) 3) Culture on Sabourand agar 4) Positive skin test with fungal extracts |
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Dermatophysis
Treatment |
Topical antifungals
Oral / systemic antifungals for hair & nail |
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Pityriasis tinea versicolor
Cause Clinical presentation |
Malassezia species
Noninflamed, brown scaling Varying coloration |
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Pityriasis tinea versicolor
Pathophysiology Predisposing factors |
Melanocyte toxicity
Systemic steroid therapy Suntan lotion / lipid containing lotion |
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Pityriasis tinea versicolor
Diagnosis Treatment |
KOH of skin scrapings
Yellow fluorescence under UV lamp (Wood lamp) Tx - selenium sulfide 2.5% |
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What are dimorphic fungi?
What kind of diseases? |
Mold in cold (<25 C)
Yeast in heat (>37 C) Cause systemic mycoses |
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2 components of fungi cell wall
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Chitin
N-acetylglucosamine polymers Glucans - glucose polymers |
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4 systemic fungal pathogens
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Coccidioides
Histoplasma Blastomyces Paracoccidioides |
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Systemic mycoses start how?
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Inhaled --> yeast
--> lower resp infection --> systemic Via macrophages |
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Systemic mycoses
Susceptible population |
Immunocompromised
Defective cell-mediated immunity |
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Systemic mycoses Treatment
Localized Disseminated |
Localized
Itraconazole or voriconazole Disseminated - Amphotericin B |
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Coiccidioides
Dx Endemic |
Coccidioidomycosis
SW US, San Joaquin Valley Central/South America |
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Coccidioidomycosis
Pathogenesis |
Inhaled spores from soil
Dissemination in body |
