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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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antibiotic neumonics
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Wendy's Double Vag Brought Lookers
Mark Probably Doubled Phil And Thomas Made O-faces Ned Started Touching Rachel's Quality Nipples |
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drugs that interfere w/ cell wall
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1)D cycloserine (D-Ala analogue)(TB)
(inhib L-Ala racemase/D-A-d-A synth 2)Vancomycin (G+) (injures cyto mem) bind D-A-D-A, block polymerization 3)Bacitracin block lipid carrier regeneration 4)B-lactams (penicillin, cephalosporins) D-A-D-A analogue, bind PBP,stops crosslinking(transpeptidase) |
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Membrane active antibiotics
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1)Polymixins (G-)-->Lipid A, CIDAL
2)Daptomycin (G+) K leakage, CIDAL (res staphyl/strept-ococci) |
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Inhibitors of prot synth
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1)Aminoglycosides (irrev. cidal)
(streptomycin, kanamycin, gentamicin, tobrmycin) (30S-missreading,seperate ribo/RNA) 2)Tetracyclines (revers. no kill) (30S-inhib aa-t-RNA from A site 3)Macrolides(rev, no kill) (erythromycin, clindamycin, Clarithromycin, azithromycin) (50S-block peptidyl trans/transloca.) 4)Oxazolidinones(dep on org) (Linezolide)(G+ only) (23S-stop initiation complex) staphylococci/enterococci=static streptococci=cidal |
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inhibitors of Nuc acid metabolism
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1)Sulfonamides (not microbial product)
Not anibiotic,inhibit PABA(folic acid) 2)trimethoprim (synergistic w/sulfa) (inhib dihydrofolic reductase) 3)Rifamycins (Rifampin) bind b subunit of RNA pol(blocks) 4)Quinolones(inhib gyrase a subunit, refoming of phosphodiester bond) 5)Novobiocin (blocks bind of ATP to gyrase/DNA complex(b func)-->less supercoiling |
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external structures
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S-layer
polysaccharide coating(capsul,slime) pili (G-) flagilla antigenic variation |
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gram stain
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crystal violet
iodine ethanol safranin |
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sphere organization types
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diplo-pair
strepto-chain tetrad-2 sarcina-3 staphylo-random |
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oxygen characteristics
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Obligate anaerobes
aerotolerant anaerobes facultative anaerobes obligate aerobes microaerophilic orgs |
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resistence general
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genotypic-new/altered gene-(prevent entry, pump out, alter drug, alter target)
phenotypic-metabolic state of organism is altered, or just don't change gene (pulmonary surfactant protects from daptomycin) |
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resistence to inhibitors of peptidoglycan crossL. and cell wall metab.
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1)Penicillin-(GENOTYPIC)
-mut of PBP's -enzym cleavage of b-lact. (PLASMID gene) *Most common -extended spec of b- lactamase=CHROME modification (cephalosporins and G-) -mut to prevent entry(porin) 2)Vancomycin-(GENOTYPIC) -sub D-A-D-Lactate for D-A-D-A (copmlex), Mobile genetic element on entercocci->can give to staphylococci |
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resistence to membrane active antibiotics
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Daptomycin-(PHENOTYPIC)
in lungs, pulmonary surfactant protects it |
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resistance to prot synth inhibitors
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1)Aminoglycosides (GENOTYPIC)
-(Plasmid) enzyme-->modify antibio, lowers uptake/in vitro activity -(chrom)altered 30S target (rare) 2)Tetracylines (GENOTYPIC) -altered 30S (rare) -(plasmid)inc. efflux=less uptake -(plasmic)transposon modify ribo 3)Macrolides (GENOTYPIC) -(plasmid)23S RNA methylase-->dec. binding to 50S -(chrome) altered ribo 4)Oxazolidinones (GENOTYPIC) -mut of 23S RNA-many spots |
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resistence to nuc acid metabolism inhibitors
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1)Sulfonamides (PHENOTYPIC)
-purulent or destroyed tissue=lots of NA bases 2)trimethoprim 3)Rifamycin (GENOTYPIC) -mut=RifR |
