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117 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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H.influenza
Media used for Isolation? |
Choclate agar w Factors V (NAD) and X(hematin)
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N.gonorrhea
Media used for Isolation? |
Thayer Martin (VPN)
Vancomycin, Plymyxin, Nystatin |
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B. pertussis
Media used for Isolation? |
Bordet Gengou (potato) agar
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C. diphtheriae
Media used for Isolation? |
Tellurite plate, Lofflers media
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M. tuberculosis
Media used for Isolation? |
Lowenstein Jensen agar
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M. pneumoniae
Media used for Isolation? |
Eaton's agar
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Enterics
Media used for Isolation? |
MacConkeys agar (turns plate pink)
E.coli on EMB (eosin-methylene blue) w blue-black colonies w metallic sheen |
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Legionella
Media used for Isolation? |
Charcoal yeast extract agar buffered w cysteine
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Fungi
Media used for Isolation? |
Sabouraud's agar
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Obligate aerobes?
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Nocardia
P. aeruginosa M. tuberculosis Bacillus (Nagging Pests Must Breath) |
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Obligate anerobes?
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Clostridium
Bacteroides Actinomyces (Cant Breath Air) |
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Obligate intracellular?
(cant make own ATP) |
Rickettsia
Chlamydia (Really Cold) |
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Facultative intracellular?
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Salmonella
Neisseria Brucella Mycobacterium Listeria Francisella Legionella (Some Nasty Bugs May Live FacultativeLy) |
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Encapsulated bacteria?
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Klebsiella pneum
Salmonella Step pneumonia H. influenza B N. meningitis (Kapsules Shield SHiN) |
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Which bact produce IgA protease?
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SHiN
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Urease positive bacteria?
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Proteus
Klebsiella H. pylori Ureaplasma (Particular Kinds Have Urease) |
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M protein?
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Helps prevent phagocytosis
Grp A Strep (pyogens) |
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Protein A?
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Binds Fc region of Ig, prevents opsonization n phago
S. aureus |
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Cholera toxin
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toxin function: Vibrio Cholerae ADP ribosylation of G-protein stimulates adenylyl cyclase Increased pumping of Cl- into gut and decreased Na+ absorption Water moves into gut lumen Causes voluminous rice-water diarrhea
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E.coli toxins?
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E. coli ADP-ribosylating A-B toxins Heat-labile: stimulates Adenylyl cyclase Heat-stabile: stimulates Guanylate cyclase Both: cause watery diarrhea Labile like the A ir, Stable like the Ground
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Pertussis toxin?
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Bordetella pertussis ADP-ribosylating A-B toxin that increases cAMP by inhibiting G-alpha1 Causes whooping cough Inhibits chemokine receptor --> causes lymphocytosis
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Alpha toxin?
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Organism, toxin function: Clostridium perfringens Causes gas gangrene Get double zone of hemolysis on blood agar
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Shiga toxin?
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Shigella, and E. coli O157:H7 Cleaves host cell rRNA (inactivates 60S ribosome) Enhances cytokine release, causing HUS
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Streptolysin O?
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S. pyogenes a hemolysin. Ag for ASO Ab, which is used in Dx of rheumatic fever
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#1 neonatal septicemia n meningitis
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S. agalactiae
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S. pneumonia virulence for adult meningitis
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Teichoic acid
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Viulence for: S. aureus
Infective endocarditis Abscess Toxic shock Osteomyelitis |
Viulence for: S. aureus
Infective endocarditis - alpha toxin Abscess - Coagulase Toxic shock - TSST-1 Osteomyelitis - alpha toxin + coagulase |
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Pyoderma / impetigo
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S. aureus
S. pyogenes |
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Scarlet fever
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S. pyogenes
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unpasturized milk n soil
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L.monocytogenes
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Granulomas in newborns, crosses placenta
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L.monocytogenes
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#1 meningitis in renal transplant or cancer
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L.monocytogenes
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L.monocytogenes Treatment
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Ampicillin and Gentamicin
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Grows actin filaments, jets cell to cell
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L.monocytogenes
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club shaped, chinese characters
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C. diphtheriae
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Tellurite: grey-black colonies
Loefflers: volutin granules (phosphate) |
C. diphtheriae
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Precipitin lines on ELEK test
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C. diphtheriae
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Phage mediated toxin
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C. diphtheriae
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C. diphtheriae virulence n sx
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ADP-R of EF-2
Pseudomembrane in throat Recrnt layngl nerve palsy |
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C. diphtheriae Rx
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Antitoxin + Erythromycin
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Branching / filamentous Rods
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N asteroides
A. israelii |
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N asteroides or A. israelii
which is urease +, partially acid-fast |
N. asteroides
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N asteroides or A. israelii
multiple brain abcesses |
N asteroides
A. israelii is a single brain abcess |
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N asteroides or A. israelii
normal in mouth and female GU tract |
A. israelii
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N asteroides Rx
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Sulfonamides
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A. israelii Rx
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Penicillin
pus drainage |
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B.cereus virulence
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Heat stable increase guanalyn cyclase - vomiting
heat labile increase adenylene cyclase - diarrhea |
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B. anthracis virulence
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Edema factor - an adenylate cyclase
Lethal factor - kills cells |
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B anthracis Rx
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Penicillin
AVA - toxoid vaccine |
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exotoxin binds ganglioside R. inhibits GABA, Glycine
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C. tetani
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Neurotoxin blocks Ach release
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C. botulinum
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Catalase +
Oxidase + IgA protease Choch agar |
Nisseria sp
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Waterhouse feiderichsen syn
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N. meningitidis
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Nisseria sp virulence
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Pilli,
Endotoxin (LPS) IgA protease |
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N. meningitis vs N. gonorrhoeae
differences? |
N. meningitis:
- Has polysacc capsule (no capsule) - Beta-lactamase is rare (present) - Utilizes maltose (doesnt) - tetravalent vaccine (no vaccine) - Air borne (not air borne) |
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Hyperpurulent neonatal conjunctivitis
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N. gonorrhea
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N. gonorrhea Rx
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Ceftriaxone + tetracycline (for chlamydia)
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Acute osteomyelitis
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S. aureus
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virulence of C. difficile
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increases cAMP
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C. difficile Rx
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metronidazole OR vancomycin
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C. perfrigrens virulence
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Alpha lecithinase = phospholipase C (damage memb of many cell types)
Enterotoxin |
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Stormy fermentation
double zone hemolysis |
C. perfrigrens
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Food pz from reheated meat dishes
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C. perfrigrens
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Normal in colon but causes food poisoning
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C. perfrigrens
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C. perfrigrens Rx
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Pen G + Clindamycin
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B. pertussis adhesion to cell wall via?
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Hemagglutinin and pertussis toxin
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B. pertussis virulence?
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Adenylate cyclase txn (edema)
Tracheal toxin - kills celiated cells Dermanecrosis txn Endotoxin - lipid X, A ADP-R of GNBP (Gi) |
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B. pertussis Rx?
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Erythromycin
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Requires CYS and Co2
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Brucella sp
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Dermacentor tick
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F. tularensis
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Requires CYS
Granulomatous rxn |
F. tularensis
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Requires CYS, Fe
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L. pneumophilia
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L. pneumophilia Sx
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Atypical pneumonia
Mental confusion Diarrhea |
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Stains poorly Gr (-)
but stains in silver |
L. pneumophilia
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L. pneumophilia Rx
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Erythromycin
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Ecthyma gangrenosum
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P. aeruginosa
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P. aeruginosa virulence
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Exotoxin A: ADP-R of EF-2
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P. aeruginosa Rx
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Carbencillin + Aminoglycoside
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Encoded by Phage (5)
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ShigA-like toxin
Botulinum Cholera Diptheria Erythrogenic toxin of S.pyogenes (ABCDE) |
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Spores have ____ in their core
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Dipicolonic acid
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Sx of pulmonary anthrax
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flu-like w rapid progress to pulmonary hemorrhage, fever, mediastinitis and shock
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Pneumonia, sepsis, meningitis in babies
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S. agalactiae
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Detected clinically by presence of antigen in urine
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Legionella pneumophillia
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Thin walled
Axial filaments Jarisch Herxheimer Rxn |
Spirochetes:
Treponema, Borrelia, Leptospira |
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Best test for 1-syphillis
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Dark field microscopy
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Best test for 3-syphillis
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FTA-ABS
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Sx of step 1 Lyme dz
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Red rash (target) - Erythema chronicum migrans
Arthralgia |
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Sx of step 2 Lyme dz
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Heart block / Bells palsy
Aseptic meningitis Arthralgia (large joints) |
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Rx of B. burgdorferi
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Pen or Tetracycline
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animal urine, birthing process
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Leptospira sp
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Sx with Leptospira sp
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Fever, jaundice, uremia, Pulomary hemorrhage
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Non-icteric leptospirosis
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Meningitis - No PMN in CSF
uveitis rash |
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icteric leptospirosis
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Weil's dz
Renal failure Myocarditis |
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Leptospirosis Rx
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Pen G or Tetracycline
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P. multocida sx
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Animal bites
Cellulitis w lymphadenitis |
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Polyribitol capsule
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H. influenza
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H. influenza Rx
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Cefotaxime / Ceftriaxone
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Raw seafood diarrhea
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V. parahaemolyticus
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Food pz from Oysters
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V. vulnificus
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Skirrows agar CO2
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Campylobacter, Helicobacter
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#1 for UTI's and virulence
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E.coli
P-pilli, X-adhesins |
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Pet feces, day-care center outbreaks
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Yersinia enterocolitica
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1- syphillis sx
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painless chancre
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2- syphillis sx
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Maculopapular rash (palms n soles) - condylomata lata
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3- syphillis sx
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Gummas
Aortitis (vasa vasorum) Tabes dorsalis Argyll robertson pupils stroke without HTn |
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Congenital syphillis sx
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Saber shins
Saddle nose CN VIII deafness Hitchinsons teeth Mulberry molars |
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rash begins at head, moves down. post auricular lymphad
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German measles, Rubella Virus
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rash begins head moves down + Koplik spots
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Rubeola, measles
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Rash begins on trunk moves to face n ext
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VZV, chickenpox
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macular rash over body after days of fever
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HHV-6, Roseola
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Rash on face, later on body, lace-like pattern
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Parvo B19, Erythema infectiosum
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Sandpaper like rash
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Scarlet fever, S.pyogenes
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Vesicular rash on palms n soles, ulcers in oral mucosa
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Coxsackie A, hand-foot, mouth dz
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UTI with red pigment
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Serratia marcescens
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UTI w large mucoid capsule
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K. pneumonia
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UTI causes swarming
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Proteus
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Diagnostic markers of UTIs
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Pos Leukocyte esterase test = bacterial UTI
Pos Nitrite test = Gr -ve bacterial UTI |
