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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Describe the morphology of the Vibrionaceae family
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G - short curved rods
highly motile single polar flagellum 6 serogroups O antigen most important for serotyping All strains share a common H antigen LPS is unusual: it lacks KDO |
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TCP pilli
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in vibrio cholerae, they appear to mediate attachment to the mircovilli in the intestine
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Describe the Vibrio cholerae toxin
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choleragen
typical AB exotoxin B su attaches to a specific ganglioside receptor on the cell surface releasing the toxic A su into the cell SU A activates adenylate cyclase by ADP-ribosylating the GTP binding the Gs protein that regulates adenylate cyclase |
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Choleragen is antigenically related to E-coli LT toxin, but what is a major difference?
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The gene for the choleragen is located on the chromosome, vs for the LT toxin in E.coli on a plasmid
Choleragen gene=lysogenic phage |
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TX for cholera
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supportive therapy required to save the patient: glucose, electrolytes
TX: single dose of azithromycin |
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What serotype of Vibrio Cholerae is responsible for the epidemics
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O-1
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What biotypes of V. Cholerae produce the most severe diease?
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El Tor and Cholerae
El Tor is the casuse of the last and present pandemics |
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Shellfish associated with diarrhea is due to?
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Vibrio Parahemolyticus
shellfish 24 h incubation O and K antigens 60 serotypes diarrhea 10 to the seventh degree of organisms required for infection self-limiting in 2-3 days in severe cases, use tetracycline organisms produce HS hemolysin(Kanagawa hemolysin) requires salt for growth |
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What is Kanagawa hemolysin and what is it associated with?
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Heat stable hemolysin produced by Vibrio parahemolyticus
associated with self-resolving explosive diarrhea |
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V. vulnificus. Describe
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G - curved rod, motile, requires salt for growth
associated with marine shellfish and swimming wound infections gastroneteritis -common in Southeast and gulf states due to uncooked raw oysters life threatening septecemia in immunocompromised, alcoholism, and liver disease- 50% fatal treat with tetracyclines |
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Klebsiella pneumoniae.
Describe. |
large capsule (against phagocytosis, virulence), ferments lactose, non-motile
oportunistic enterobacterium 10% of nosocomial infections incidence in the US is decreasing a cause of pneumonia in certain cases antibiotic resistance is common K antigens are useful for identification |
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Klebsiella rhinoscleromatis
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Rhinoscleroma
chronic granumalotous infection purulent nasal discharge with crusting and nodule formation that leads to respiratory obstruction |
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Klebsiella ozaenae
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Ozena is a primary atrophic rhinitis that often occurs in elderly. Nasal congetion and a constant nasal bad smell
headache or symptoms attributable to chronic sinusitis |
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Proteus
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extremely motile, lactose negative, posesses a highly active urease
nosocomial uti urease and pili specific for renal cells are the most important virulence factors |
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Serratia
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a reservoir for antibiotic resistance plasmids
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