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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Actions of Antimicrobial Agents |
1. Alteration of cell walls and membranes (breaks membrane/cell wall to get in) 2. Damage to proteins and nucleic acids (denature proteins or destroy DNA w/ heat/radiation etc.) |
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Selection of Microbial Control agents |
1.Inexpensive 2.Fast-acting 3.Stable during storage 4.Capable of controlling microbial growth while being harmless to humans, animals, and objects. |
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Factors Affecting the Efficacy of Antimicrobial Methods |
1.Sites to be treated (i.e. harsh chemicals/heat cant be used on humans) 2.Relative susceptibility of microorganisms(i.e. germicide lvls high/kills all, intermediate/kills spores, low/kills bacteria) |
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Types of Physical Methods of microbial control |
1. Heat related 2. Refrigeration and freezing 3. Desiccation and Lyophilization 4. Filtration 5. Osmotic Pressure 6. Radiation "He Rarely Drives Fast On Routes" |
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Heat Related Methods |
1. Moist Heat- used to sterilize (boiling, autoclaving, pasturization,) 2. Dry Heat- used for things that cannot be sterilized by moist heat. (incineration) |
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Refrigeration and Freezing |
Decrease microbial metabolism, growth, andreproduction |
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Desiccation and Lyophilization |
Drying inhibits growth because of removal of water. Lyophilization- combo of drying and freezing, used for long-term preservation of microbial cultures |
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Filtration |
Passing of fluid through a filter to trap particles & separate them from the liquid. i.e. HEPA filter "High Efficiency Particulate Air filters" |
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Osmotic Pressure |
High salt or sugar in food to inhibit growth by making cells swell or burst |
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Radiation |
Waves interfere with chemical bonds that damage proteins and DNA. |
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Biosafety Levels |
BSL1- pathogens that do not cause disease in healthy humans BSL2- moderately hazardous agents BSL3- microbes in safety cabinets BSL4- microbes that cause severeor fatal disease |
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Chemical Methods of Microbial Control |
Affect microbes’ cell walls, cytoplasmic membranes, proteins, or DNA. 1. Alcohols 2. Halogens (i.e. iodine, chlorine) 3. Phenol/ Phenolics 4. Oxidizing agents (i.e. peroxides, ozone treatment) 5. Surfactants (i.e. soaps, detergents) 6. Heavy Metals 7. Aldehydes 8. Gaseous Agents 9. Antimicrobials 10. Enzymes "Anne Has Played On Super Heavy Allstar Golf Against Eric" |
