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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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lens types names
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SLHO, 4x Scanning, 10x Low-power, 40x High-dry, 100x oil immersion
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Condenser
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2 lenses that focus light power
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Chemically defined media
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made for specific org's nutritional needs
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Complex media
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grows variety (ex. TSA)
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Enriched media
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grows bac that need special nutrients (fastidious) ex blood
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strepto
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chains
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staphylo
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grapelike clusters
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Steps in a gram stain
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CIES. Crystal Violet - primary stain, Iodine - mordant, 95%ethanol - decolorizer, Safranin - counterstain
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Results of gram stain
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Escherichia coli. neg and Staphylococcus epidermis - positive
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What is a capsule made of?
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lipopolysaccharides form a watersouble mucous coat
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What does a capsule do?
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protect against phagocytosis
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Staining a capsule
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cool milk makes crystal copper for capsules. grow in milk broth (to stain background). NO HEAT FIX! crystal violet. copper sulfate
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What type of stain is a capsule stain?
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negative. anthony's method
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positive for capsule
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S. pneumoniae and Klebsiella pneumoniae
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positive for endospore
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B subtilis
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What is an endospore?
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inactive cell that is very resistant to harsh environmental conditions
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How to do an endospore stain?
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Steam the green, rinse, safranin, rinse. (malachite green) (rinse with water)
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Another name for the Acid-fast stain?
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Ziehl-neelson method
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Results of Acid fast
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s aureus is neg and blue. M smegatis is positive and red
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steps of acid fast
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carbol acid alcohol methylene blue. steam carbol fushin. cool. rinse. decolize with acid alcohol. rinse. counterstain with methylene blue.
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What breaks down starch? Into what?
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Starch ---amylase--> maltose and glucose
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Which test uses iodine in the plate?
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Starch
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results for starch
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b. subtilis positive. e coli negative
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Breaks down milk
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caseinase
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results of caseinase
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b. subtilis positive (clear halo). e coli negative
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Gelatin hydrolysis
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gelatinase breaks down. s. aureus positive. e coli negative
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Lipid hydrolysis
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lipase hydrolyses lipids by cleaving glycerol
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Active ingredient in lipid test
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tween 80 or polysorbate 80. turns pink for positive. M smegmatis is positive
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calculate df
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volume of sample added/ (total volume of sample and blank)
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calculate CFU/ml
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CFU/(volume plated*df from tube plated)
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How many CFU are statistically relevant?
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30-300
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M smegmatis
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acid fast and lipid hydrolysis
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S edidermis
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gram positive
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S or K pneumoniae
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capsule
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B subtilis
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Subtitlis will put spore in your potatoes and milk. endospore, starch, and caseinase
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S aureus
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gelatin
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