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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The scientific names of bacteria used for the pure culture experiment.
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Micrococcus luteus, Chromobacter violacium
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What is a metachromatic granule?
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Reddish purple granules within cells that show up when the organisms is stained with methylene blue.
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Metachromatic granules are masses of ____________?
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Volutin
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When to use a negative stain.
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When an accurate size determination is needed or if capsule or spirochete is to be observed
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What can you learn about a microorganism from a gram stain?
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Whether there is peptidoglycan in the organism’s cell wall
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E. Coli: gram, shape
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gram negative rod
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Staphylococcus epidermidis: gram, shape, arrangement
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gram positive cluster of cocci
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Why the acid fast stain is considered a differential stain
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Because it differentiates between different types of cells based on the presence of mycolic acid.
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characteristics of Gram+ cell walls
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Thick peptidoglycan and teichoic acid.
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characteristics of Gram- cell walls
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Outer membrane made of LPS (lipopolysacch), porins and periplasm. Under that is a thin layer of peptidoglycan.
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What is the main characteristic of mycobacterium that makes it acid-fast?
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Contains mycolic acid, which makes creates a barrier against most dyes.
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What is the relationship between carbolfuchsin and acidfast cells?
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Carbolfuschin is able to penetrate the mycolic acid and is not removed by acid alcohol.
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How the acid fast procedure is used to help diagnose TB
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Mycobacterium tuberculosis is acid-fast therefore can be viewed using the acid-fast procedure.
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Primary stain for gram staining
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crystal violet
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decolorizer for gram staining
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alcohol
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2nd step of gram staining, name chemical used
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Apply mordant; iodine
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How to record and analyze observations of colony count (computer keyboard)
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Put one “+” for each increment of 25 colonies counted.
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Turbid
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the quality of liquid medium that has become cloudy, which happens when bacteria have multiplied.
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SAB
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Selective media with a pH of 5.6 that encourages the growth of fungi that outgrow most bacteria at this pH.
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Blood Agar
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differential media that distinguishes colonies of species that destroy RBC’s
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_____________, the bacterium that causes strep throat, shows a clear ring around the colonies on a blood agar plate, where surrounding RBCs were lysed
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Steptococcus pyogenes
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Differential media
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differentiates between different types of organisms
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Selected media
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allows growth of only desired organisms by inhibiting growth of others with salts, etc.
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Defined media
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exact chemical composition is known (synthesized from individual chemicals required by the organism)
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Undefined media
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Precise composition is unknown (made from natural products such as yeast extract)
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Define antibiotic.
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Compounds produced by a microorganism that kills other microorganisms.
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what can electron microscopy be used for?
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examining very small organisms
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electron microscopy
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A beam of electrons is used instead of light
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What does FTM stand for?
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Fluid thioglycollate medium
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What color is FTM in the presence of oxygen?
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Pink
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What does FTM do?
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supports the growth of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria but favors anaerobic growth in the bottom of the tube
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lysozyme works against gram _____ bacteria
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positive
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Micrococcus lutueus is Gram ______
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positive
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Serratia marcesens is Gram
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negative
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