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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the IMViC Test and why is it important?
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Its a series of test to identify the the difference between enteric bacteria. The reason of separation is to control intestinal infections by preventing contamination of food and water supplies.
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What tests consist of the IMViC Test?
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It's a series of tests that include the following: indole, methyl red, Voges-Proskauer, and citrate.
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Name the pathogenic enteric bacteria
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Salmonella & Shigella
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Name the characteristics of the family Enterobacteriaceae.
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Short, gram (-), non-sporing bacilli found in intestinal tract.
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Name the occasional pathogenic enteric bacteria.
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Proteus & Klebsiella
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Name the normal intestinal flora.
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Escherichia, Enterobacter
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Name the bacteria found under the family Enterobacteriaceae (hint 6).
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Salmonella, Shigella, Proteus, Klebsiella, Escherichia, Enterobacter
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Of the 6 Enterobacteriaceae, there is 2 other bacteria (aside from that family) that is considered to be an enteric bacteria. What are they?
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Alcaligenes faecalis & Pseudomonas aeruginosa
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Of the 8 enteric bacteria, which are lactose fermenting?
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Escherichia coli, Enterobacter aerogenes, Klebsiella pneumoniae
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Of the 8 enteric bacteria, which are lactose non-fermenting?
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Salmonella typhimurium, Shigella dysenteriae, Proteus vulgaris, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Alcaligenes faecalis
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The short procedure is for...?
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Enterobacteriaceae family
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What is the purpose of the indole test?
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To see which bacteria can degrade the amino acid tryptophan
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What media is used for this test indole test?
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SIM agar deep
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Of the 4 tests within the IMViC, which one does not have a reagent?
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Citrate
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Name all the reagents used in the IMViC test and pair it with each test.
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Kovac's reagent - Indole; Methyl red indicator - Methyl red test; Barrit's reagent A and B - Voges Proskauer.
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What enzyme does a bacteria need in order to hydrolyze tryptophan?
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Tryptophanase
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How many drops of Kovac's reagent is needed for the test?
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10 drops
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In the indole test, what color shows a positive reaction?
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Cherry red
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In the indole test, what color shows a negative reaction?
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Yellow
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Which bacteria showed a positive reaction in the indole test?
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Escherichia coli & Proteus vulgaris
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What is the purpose of the methyl red test?
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To determine which bacteria can stabilize a high concentration of acid end products.
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According to the MR and VP test, what does E. aerogenes do in later stages when the acid end products are produced?
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E. aerogenes starts breakdown the acidic end products to non acidic end products resulting in an elevated pH
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What is the media used for the MR test?
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MR-VP broths
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According to the MR and VP test, what are the non acid end products produced from the organic acid end products resulting from glucose metabolism?
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Butanediol & acetoin
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In the MR test, what reagent is used to distinguish the pH levels?
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Methyl red indicator
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How many drops of reagent is used in the MR test?
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5
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What color and pH range is a positive reaction in the MR test?
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Red - 4
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What color and pH range is a negative reaction in the MR test?
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Yellow - 6
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The methyl red test indicates what?
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pH levels of bacterial end products
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Which bacteria exhibited a positive reaction in the methyl red test?
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Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris, Lactococcus lactis, Staphylococcus carnosus
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What is the purpose of the Voges-Proskauer Test?
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It is to determine if a bacteria produced a non-acidic or neutral end product from the acid end product of glucose fermentation.
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What compound is needed to show detection in the VP test?
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Diacetyl
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What reagent is used in the VP test?
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Barrit's reagent A & B
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What is the end product of the VP Test?
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Acetylmethylcarbinol
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What media is used in the VP Test?
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MR-VP broth
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In the VP Test, what is used to combine with acetylmethylcarbinol to produce diacetyl compound?
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Barrit's reagent A
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In the VP test, what is combined with diacetyl compound to show a positive or negative result in the broth media?
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Barrit's reagent B
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In the VP test, what color is exhibited when the results are positive? and negative?
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Positive = Red
Negative = Yellow |
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How many drops of reagent is used for the VP Test?
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10 of each
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In the VP test, which showed a positive result?
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E. aerogenes, E. faecalis, B. subtilis, C. xerosis
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What is the purpose of the Citrate Test?
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To determine if a bacteria can utilize citrate as their sole energy source with the absence of glucose.
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What enzyme is used to breakdown citrate?
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Citrase
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If a bacteria is capable of utilizing citrate as an energy source, what is used to transport citrate into the cell?
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Citrate permease
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What is citrate broken down to?
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Oxaloacetic acid & acetate
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What reagent is used in the citrate test?
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There is no reagent
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What is oxaloacetic acid & acetate broken down to in the citrate test?
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pyruvate, CO2, and sodium
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What indicator is used in the Simmons citrate agar slant?
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Bromthymol blue indicator
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What pH environment (acidic, basic, or neutral) is needed to show a positive result in the citrate test?
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Alkaline
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In the citrate test, what compound is formed to show a positive/alkaline result and what is it made of?
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Sodium carbonate - CO2, water, Sodium
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What color is the control/negative media in the citrate test?
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Green
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In the citrate test, which bacteria showed a positive reaction?
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E. aerogenes, P. vulgaris, P. aeruginosa
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