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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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why are fungi hard to get rid of by the host's own defense mxn?
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host (mammals) dont have enzymes to break down cell wall polysaccharides of fungi
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why is it difficult to target fungi with antimicrobials?
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b/c fungi are also eukaryotic and most drugs will have serious side effects on host (most drugs are topical to keep effects local)
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what is a good target on fungi that distinguishes them from host cells?
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ergosterol in the cell mbr!
(mammals have cholesterol) |
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antifungal drug classes? (4)
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polyenes
imidazoles echinocandins base analogs |
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mxn polyenes
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insert next to ergosterol and form pore
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mxn imidazoles
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target cyt P450 demethylase (req for ergosterol syn)
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mxn echinocandins
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inhibit glucan syn
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mxn base analogs
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inhibit RNA, DNA fxn
narrow spectrum |
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how do topical drugs improve treatment?
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provide selective toxicity;
prevent systemic adverse side effects |
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resistance to antifungal agents (3)
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decr permeability
active efflux decr syn of target DEP ON MUTATIONS |
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polyenes (2)
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Amphotericin B
Nystatin |
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imidazoles (2)
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Ketoconazole
Fluconazole |
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echinocandins (1)
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Caspofungin
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base analogs (1)
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Flucytosine
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