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60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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HHV 3
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VZV
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HHV 4
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EBV
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HHV 5
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CMV
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HHV 6
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roseola (fever then rash, exanthem subitum)
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HHV 8
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Kaposi's sarcoma
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Hepadnavirus
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Hep B
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Polyoma viruses (2)
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JC -progressive multifocal leukenceph in HIV and BK- transplant patients, especially kidney
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Colti and Rota (name family)
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Reovirus
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Polio, Echo, Rhino, Cocksackie, Hep A (name family)
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Picornaviurs
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Norwalk virus (name family)
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Calicivirus
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Hep C, yellow fever, dengue, St. Louis encephalitis, West Nile (name family)
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Flavivirus
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Rubella, equine encephalitis (name family)
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Togavirus
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HIV, HTLV (name family)
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Retrovirus
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Influenza (name family)
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Orthomyxovirus
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Parainfluenza, RSV, Rubeola (Measles), Mumps (name family)
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Paramyxovirus
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Rabies
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Rhabdovirus
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Ebola
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Filovurs
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Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV), lassa fever encephalitis from mice
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Arenavirus
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California encephalitis, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, Sandfly/Rift Valley fever, Hantavirus
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Bunyavirus
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RNA + stranded
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Retro, Toga, Flavi, Corona, Hepe, Calici, Picorna
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RNA - stranded (need RNA dependent RNA polymerase)
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Arena, Bunya, Paramyxo, Orthomyxo, Filo, Rhabdo
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HIV protein for attachment to T cell.
also what receptors does it bind? |
gp120 (env gene)
binds CCR4 or CCR5 and CD4 |
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HIV protein for fusion and entry
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gp41 (env gene)
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HIV gene for capsid
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gag (p24)
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HIV gene for reverse transcriptase
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pol
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antibiotic that blocks transpeptidase cross-linking of peptidoglycan
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Penicillin, beta-lactam
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Methicillin, nafcillin, dicloxacillin
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blocks transpeptidase cross-linking of peptidoglycan. resistant to penicillinase. staph aureus
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Ampicillin, Amoxicillin
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block transpeptidase cross-linking of peptidoglycan. use with clavulanic acid to counteract beta lactamases. HELPSS: H. influenza, E. coli, Listerio, Proteus, Salmonella, Shigella
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Ticracillin, Carbenicillin, Piperacillin
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antipseudomonal. same mechanism as penicillin.
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Clavulanic acid, sulbactam, tazobactam
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beta lactamase inhibitors
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LAME
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organisms not covered by cephalosporins: listeria, atypicals (Chlamydia, mycoplasm), MRSA, and enterococci
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Cephazolin, Cephalexin
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1st generation cephalosporins: proteus, E. coli, Klebsiella
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Cefoxitin, Cefaclor, Cefuroxime
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2nd generation cephalosporins: H. influenza, Enterobacter, Neisseria, Proteus, E. coli, Klebsiella, Serratia
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Ceftriaxone, Cefoxatime, Ceftazidime
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3rd generation cephalosporins: ceftriaxone = meningitis, gonorrhea; ceftazidime = pseudomonas
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Cefepime
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4th generation cephalosporin. pseudomonas and gram +
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disulfuram like reaction with alcohol
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cephalosporins; metronidazole
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resistant to beta lactamases, inhibits cell wall synthesis by binding PBP3. gram negative rods only
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aztreonam
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beta lactamase resistant carbapenem always given with cilastatin (inhibits renal dehydropeptidase 1). toxic to CNS in high doses
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Imipenem
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Inhibits cell wall mucopeptide formation via D-ala D-ala. Drug resistant gram positives only.
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Vancomycin
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red man syndrome. nephrotox, ototox, thrombophlebitis
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Vancomycin
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Gentamicin, Neomycin, Amikacin, Tobramycin, Streptomycin
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Aminoglycosides. inhibit formation of initiation complex via 30S. requires oxygen for uptake. Gram negs. bactericidal.
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Tetracycline, Doxycycline, Demeclocycline
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Tetracyclines. bind 30S. don't take with milk, antacids. Borrelia, Mycoplasma, Rickettsia, Chlamydia. teeth discoloration. Demeclocycline = ADH antag. static
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Erythromycin, Azithromycin, Clarithromycin
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Macrolides. block translocation "slides". static. Atypical pneumonia, Neisseria, gram + in allergic. Prolong QT, GI
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Chloramphenicol
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blocks peptide bonding at 50S. static. Meningitis (H. influenza and Neisseria). aplastic anemia, gray baby syndrome due to lack of liver UDP glucuronyl transferase
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Clindamycin
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blocks 50S. static. Anaerobes above diaphragm. Causes C. difficile overgrowth/pseudomembranous colitis
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Sulfamethoxazole, sulfisoxazole sulfadiazine
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Sulfonamides. Inhibits dihydropteroate synthetase via PABA antimetabolite. static. hemolysis in G6PD, nephrotoxic
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Trimethoprim
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inhibits bacterial dihydrofolate reductase. static. UTIs, Shigella, Salmonella, Pneumocystis jiroveci. megaloblastic anemia, leukopenia. Use leukovorin rescue.
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Ceprofloxacin, Norfloxacin, LEvofloxacin, Ofloxacin, Sparfloxacin, Enoxacin, Nalidixic Acid
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Fluoroquinolones. inhibit DNA gyrase (topo II). cidal. don't take with antacids. gram negative rods in urinary and GI. Damage cartilage and tendons. don't give in pregnancy.
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Metronidazole
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free radical toxic metabolite damages DNA. cidal. antiprotozoal. Giardia, Entamoeba, Trichomonas, Gardneralla, Anaerobes (bacteroides, C. diff**), in triple therapy for H. pylori (+bismuth+amoxicillin)
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TB treatment
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Isoniazid, Rifampin, Pyrazinamide, Ethambutol
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M. avium treatment
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Azithromycin (prophylactic), Rifampin, ethambutol, streptomycin
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Isoniazid
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decreases mycolic acid synthesis. activated by catalase-peroxidase. INH--neurons and hepatocytes. Give B6 to protect neurons
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Rifampin
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RN pol inhibitor. meningococcal and H. influenza prophylaxis. increases P450s and causes red/orange body fluids.
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Pyrazinimide
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inhibits mycolic acid production. Effective in acidic phagolysosomes where TB hangs out in macrophage
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Meningococcal prophylaxis
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Cipro is best, or rifampin, minocyclin
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Treatment of vanco resistant bugs
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linezolid and streptogramins (quinupristin)
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Amphotericin, Nystatin mechanism
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binds ergosterol to form pores
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Azole mechanism
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inhibit fungal ergosterol synthesis
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Caspofungin mechanism
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Inhibits fungal wall synthesis of Beta glucan
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Chloroquine
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blocks Plasmodium heme polymerase. causes retinopathy and G6PD issues
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