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122 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Postiive PAS stain
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Whipples dx
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Dog/cat bite
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pasteurella
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currant jelly sputum
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klebsiella
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sepsis/meningitis in newborn
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group b strep
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fungal in diabetic
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mucor or rhizopus
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neutropenic pts
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candida
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bilateral bell's palsy
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borrelia burgdorferi
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chronic granulomatous dx bugs
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catalse positive
s aureus, nocardia, serratia, pseudomonas, aspergillus NOT strep |
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asplenic pts
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howell jowel bodies +
encapsulated microbes SHiN s. pneumo, H influenzae, N meningitis |
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pediatric infection including epiglottitis
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h influenzae
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traumatic open wound
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clostridium perfringens
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branching rods in oral infection; sulfur granules
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actinomyces israelli
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pneumo in CF or burn victim
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p. aueriginosa
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cherry red epiglottisits; dysphagia, drooling, difficulty breathing
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h influenzae type B (so infects even vaccinated)
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gray exudate; pseudomembrane; pharyngitis
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corneybacterium diptheriae
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rubeola; paramyxovirus
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measles, koplik spots then rash beginning head and going downward
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rubella (TORCH)
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rash beginning head and down with postauricular lymphanopathy
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TB like disease in HIV
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myco avium CD4 <50
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pneumo in HIV
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pneumocystitis jiroveci
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intranuclear and cytoplasmic inclusiion bodies
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CMV
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ring enhancing lesion abscesses
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toxo gondii
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India ink
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cryptococcus (cause encephalitis)
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narow based budding
pigeons |
cryptococcus
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yeasts within macrophages
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histoplasma capsulatm
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fishy smell + whiff test
clue cells |
garnerella vaginalis
bacterial vaginosis NOT STD |
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Fitz Hugh Curtis
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PID infection that --> liver capsule and violin string adhesions of parietal peritoneum to liver
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strawberry colored cervix
rancid smell |
protozoa; Truchomonas (corkscrew with tumbling motiltiy)
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ulcers lymphadenopathy; rectal strictures
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chlamydia
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stain for chlamydia
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giemsa
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stain for herpes
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tzankc shows multinucleated giant cells
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dark field microscopy
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syphillis
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waterhouse friederickson
stain? |
thayer martin
gonorrhea; diplococci |
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name the gram + cocci
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staph and strep
staph = catalase + |
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name the gram + rods
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Listen (to) my corny Bach Closing act:
listeria; mycobacterium; corynebactreium; clostridum; bacilus; actinomyces |
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gram - cocci
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nessiera
diploccoci = gonorrhea/meningitis |
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Gram = coccibacillus
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h influenzae
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silver stain
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legionella; fungi (ie pneumocystitis)
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charcoal yeast
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legionella
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PAS stain
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stains GLYCOGEN (pass the sugar); mucopolysacharides; dz whipple
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ADP ribosylation that stimulates adenyl cyclase
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inc pumping of cl into gut and dec Na absorption -> rice water diarhea VIBRIO
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stimulates adenulate cyclase (heat labile); heat stable stimulates guanylate
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e coli
both cause watery diarrhea |
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TSST MOA
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TSST is a superantigen that binds to MHC II and T cell receptor resulting in polyclonal T cell activation
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TSST sx
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scaleded skin syndrome
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MCC meningitis; otitis media; pnemo; sinusitis
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Strep pneumo; rusty sputum, sepsis in sickle cell and splenectomy
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Group A Strep
No "rheum" for SPECCulation |
Strep pyogens;
PHarynigtis can result in PHever; glomerulonePHritis; subQ nodules; polyarthritis; erythema marginatum; chorea carditis |
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strep bovis
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subacute endocarditis in colon cancer
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tumbling motility
only gram + with endotoxin unpasteruized milk -> meningitis + spontaneous abortion |
listeria monocytogenes
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TB granulomas (Ghon focus) with lobar and perihilar lymph node involvesment
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primary infection usually lower lobes
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fibrocaceous cavitary lesions in upper lobes
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secondary TB
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Coccibaccilus all 4
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H influenzae
Pasteurella Brucella Bordetella pertusis |
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chocolate agar and fxns
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h influenzae * does not cause the flu; but EMOP; epiglottis; meningitis; otitis media; pneumonia
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how you get pseudomonas aeuriginosa
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hot tubs; UTI; drug use; diabets; osteomyelitis; pneumo in CF; wound and burn victims
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4As of Klebsiella
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Aspiration Pneumonia
Absecess in lungs Alcoholis di-A-betics |
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Salmonella typhi
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rose spots on abdomen remains in gb in latency
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mycoplasma pneumo
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atypical walking pneumo (non productive couh; diffuse intersitial infiltrate) HIGH titer of cold agglutinins; Eaton's agar
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Mississipi and Ohio river?
smaller than RBC |
Histoplasmosis
Histo HIdes in macrophages -> pnemonia bird/bat droppings |
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east coast fungi that can disseminate to skin and bone
same size as RBC |
blastomycosis
broad based buds |
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southwest US;cali
pneumo, meningitis larger than RBC |
coccidomycosis; increases after earth quake; spheryle filled with endospores
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tinea versicolor bug
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malasezzi furfur
spaghetti and meatball |
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soap bubble lesons
heavily encapsulated yeast |
cryptococcus
pigeon droppings found in soil |
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rose gardner's dz
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sporothrix scheckii
local pustule or ulcer |
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silver stain this bug after seeing diffuse bilateral CXR appearance
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pneumocystis jiroveci
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fatty stools from this protozoa
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giadria lamblia
from cysts in water |
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flash shaped ulcer
bloody diarrhea liver absecess colon rupture |
entamoeba histolytica
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triad for toxo
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chorioretinitis
hydropcephalus intracranial calcifications |
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amoeba causes fatal meningoencephalitis
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neagleria fowleri
ascents cribiform plate from freshwater ** think Nalgene |
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chagas dz
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trypanosma cruzi
dilated cardiomyopathy megacolon "kissing bug" |
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maltese cross
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babesia RBC; fever and hemolytic anemia
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trematodes =
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flukes (as in for heminths)
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schistosoma haematobium
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squamous cell carcinoma of bladder; hematuria
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clonorchis sinensis
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undercooked fish _> inflammation of biliary tract -> pigmented gallstones -> cholangiosarcoma
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b 12 deficiency parasite
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diphylooobothrium latum
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brain cysts and seizure
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parasite = tanenia solium (cysticercosis)
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liver cysts parasite
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echinococcus granulosus
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which is worse antigenic drift or shift
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SHIFT (shit!) sudden shift (reassortment of viral genome) is more deadly than gradual drift (epidemic from random mutation) whereas shift = pandemic
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rubeola 3cs
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cough coryza conjunctivits
koplik spots |
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hepatitis from transfusion
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HEP C
also IVDU and carcinoma! |
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what HIV test determines immune status
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CD4 T cell count --> when to administer treatment
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what HIV test determines disease progression
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HIV viral load
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p24 peaks?
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2 distinct
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HIV screen and confirmation
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screen ELISA rule out!
Western blot confirm rule in! |
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AIDS dx
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CD4 <200 or infection with p, jirovecii
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proteus mirabilis
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produce urease; sturvite stones
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+ leukocyte esterase test
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bacterial UTI
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+ nitrite test
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gram - bacterial UTI
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metallic sheen
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e coli
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parvo b19
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cause aplastic anemia
slapped cheek rash hydrops fetalis in pregnant woman |
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rash on hands and soles
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coxsackie A
rocky mt syphillis CARS |
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sandpaper rash
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scarlet fever from strep pyogens w/ fever and sore throat
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daycare bloody diarhhea
and other cause of bloody diarhhea |
yersinia; c diff; entamoeaba histolytica; O157:H7; shigella; salmonella; campylobacter
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transudate vs exudate
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transudate ph > 7.4 (BASIC)
exudate (ACID) hint: ACID X |
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MCC neonatal meningitis?
1 month-young adult adult |
neonate: Group B strep (Strep agalaactiae)
kid: n. meningitis adult: strep pneumo |
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typical pneumonia
atypical pneumonia nocosomial |
strep pneumo
mycoplasma in kid it's RSV |
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coronavirus>
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SARS!
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Loffler's Syndrome
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pulmonary lesion with thickened alveolar sepatae and eosinophil infiltrate
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Croup?
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parainfluenzae
**inspiratory striders |
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basophilic intranuclear inclusions surrounded by a halo?
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CMV
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fungis ball and narrow angles; allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis type 1 and 3 HS
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aspergillosis
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Duffy Ag against which bug
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P. vivax
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sterile pyruria; but + leukocyte esterase
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UTI with chlamydia
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bug for osteomyelitis in SS
bug for aplastic crisis in SS |
salmonella paratyphia
parvo b19 |
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MCC Diarrhea in AIDS ; acid fast oocytes
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Cryptosporiudium Parvus
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foamy exudates in HIV
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p carinni
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human transmsson; bradycardia; neutropenia; splenomegaly
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salmonella typhi
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ammonia smells
alkaline pH Staghorn calculus |
proteus
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Pipe stem cirrhosis which heminth>
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Schistomiasis: adult worms in portal vein
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ate at street vendor -> bloody diarrhea
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entamoeba histolytica
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impetigo
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honey crusted on face
group A strep |
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Infective endocarditis: strep viridans MC; staph MC in IVDU
IE prosthetic valve = staph epidermis (coag negative) IE ulcerative bowel dz; strep bovis |
:)
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watery diarrhea
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Ecoli, Vibrio, C Perf. (Protozoa: giardia, cryptosporidium); Virus (Rota, adeno, Norwalk)
Diarrhea w/ decrease in villus;crypt ratio: c jejuni |
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Afatoxins produces from aspergillus cause what?
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hepatocellular carcinoma
--< septae body with fruiting body; extrinsic asthma VESSEL INVADER |
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EBV
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nasopharyngeal carcinoma; mc risk factor for burkitt’s lymphoma and CNS lymphoma in AIDS
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cellulitis bug
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strep pyogenes (hyaliuduranase)
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Chediak Higashi
signs and sx |
neutropenia; albinism; neuropathy; repeated strep and staph ** detect microtubules; giant lysosomes
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Chediak Higashi
MOA |
membrane protein defect in transferring lyososmal enzymes to phagocytic vacuoles; AR;
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I Cell disease:
sx |
cytosolic inclusions of undigested substrates
psychomotor retardation early death |
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I Cell disease:
MOA |
a defect in the post-translational modification of lysosomal enzymes (due to a deficiency in Phopsphotransferase)
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Opsonization defect
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BRUTON'S
(XR decreased IgG) * pre B cannot develop into mature B: S pnemoniae |
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DIgeorge sx and moa
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t cell deficiency (no thymus)
candida; pnemocystisi HYPOcalcermia |
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Wiskott Aldrich: XR
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progressive depletion of combined b and T :
eczema; thrombocytopenia, SP infections *whisk away everything dec IgM inc IgA IgE |
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MOA of rheumatic fever
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There is cross-reactivity of the immune response to streptococcal M proteins, with the heart mainly affected.
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dz taht causes leukocyte rxn
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b pertussis
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