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54 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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ETEC
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V. cholera like disease process (less severe)
travelers susceptable freq cause of food poisoning LT toxin- heat labile ST toxin- heat stable |
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EAggEC
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diarrhea in children
ST-like toxin long and thin fimbriae -GWQP |
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EPEC
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invasive diarrhea (unlike ETEC and EAggEC)
adherance factor plasmid -PGI LEE (enterocyte efacement) -bundle forming protein (pilius) -adhesin, intimin -inserts the tir receptor into the host |
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what is the predominant for of EHEC
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0157: H7
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what disease is EHEC similar to and why
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Shigella dysentery
SLT toxin is virtually identical to shiga toxin |
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how does EHEC get the SLT toxin
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bacteriophage
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diagnosis of EHEC
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serilogic ID
MacConkeys sorbital agar -white colonies rapid test -MUG hydrolysis negative |
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treatment of EHEC
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oral rehydration
Antibiotics are not effective do NOT use antimotility agents in children |
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what is a major complication of EHEC
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HUS (8-10%)
renal failure with poor prognosis more common in elderly and young |
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EHEC epidemiology and transmission
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Beef, raw milk, apple cider
acid resistant P2P -low infec dose |
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what is the new strand of EHEC identified in 2011
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0104: H4
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how do all the cows end up getting EHEC???
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"contaminated, communal water source"
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EIEC
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indistinguishable from shigella disease
non-motile, non-lactose fementers NO HUS NO shiga toxin |
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what will C. jejuni not grow in
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3% NaCl
or at 25 C |
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gen characteristic for Champylobacter
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G- rod
motile microaerophilic grows at 42 C (bird associated) |
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clinical manifestations of Campylobacter
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prodrome in 12 - 24 hrs- fever, headache, malaise, myalgia
diarrhea in 1 to 7 days severe abdominal cramping that mimics appendicitis (mesenteric lymph nodes) self limiting |
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what are Campylobacters virulence factors
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invasion factor (surface carb, directs phagocytosis)
heat labile enterotoxin cytolethal distending toxin (CDT) - host DNA destruction - arrests cell in G2 - inhibits immune response |
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epidemiology for Campylobacter
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GI tract of birds
xmission- poultry products, contaminated water sometimes, P2P rare low dose (800) highest infection in young adults |
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what are the complications of Campylobacter
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Reiters synd (HLA-B27)
Guillain- barre - C. jejuni LPS resembles human Gm1 |
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how do you diagnose C. jejuni
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sympt
sea gull shaped rod in feces Campy-BAP @ 42 C, microaero, CO2 agglu- campyslide |
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treatment of Campylobacter
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erythromycin
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Gen characteristics of Yersinia enterocolitica
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G- coccobacillus
motile lactose nonfermenter 22-29 C fac intracellular path |
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clinical manifestations of Y. enterocolitica
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fever, abdomen pain, vomiting and diarrhea
enterocolitis <5yrs (mistaken for appendicitis) Ileitis in older children transfusion rxns |
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what are the virulence factors of Y. entericolitica
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invasin- attaches to B1 of Mcells
enterotoxin- gyanylate cyclase activator Yops- inhibits phago and resp burst, cytotoxic |
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Treatment of Yersinia entericolitica
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fluids and electrolytes
aminoglycosides |
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diagnosis of Y. entericolitica
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grow on MacConkeys in cold temp
lactose non-fermenter |
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epidemiology of Y. entericolitica
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ubiquitous
recent outbreaks in day cares winter fecal oral pork |
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gen characteristics for H. pylori
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G- curved rod
highly motile stained with Geimsa |
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what are the virulence factors for H. pylori
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Urease and HspB- converted to ammonia which inc pH
acid inhibitory protein anhesins cag PGI- disrupts host signaling |
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how do you diagnose H. pylori
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histology + culture- 7 days, 37 C, microaero
CLO test- urease activity serology for Ab |
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treatment for H. pylori
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tetracycline + bisthmuth containing drug
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what anitbiotics are associated with the emergence of C.diff
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clyndamycin
cephalosporins ampicillin |
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C.diff gen charicteristics
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G- Rod
anaerobic subterminal spores |
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clinical manifestations of C.dfff
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varying degrees of: (classic=all)
diarrhea, fever, nausea, malaise, dehydration pseudomembranous colitis- yellow plaques over inflammed mucosa |
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virulence factors for C.diff
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Toxin A- enterotoxin
Toxin B- cytotoxin |
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diagnosis of C.diff
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detection of toxin in the stool via EIA
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Treatment of C.diff
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discontinue current antibiotic
start on Vancomycin NO anit-diarrheal meds |
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what is C. perfringens type A associated with
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food borne diarrhea
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clinical presentation of C. perfringens type A
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severe diarrhea and abdominal cramping
without fever or vomiting recovery in a day |
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virulence factors for C. perfringens type A
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enterotoxin
inhibits glucose and Cl- channels |
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is cooking of food an adequate method to prevent illness from C. perfringens type A
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no, toxin is heat stable
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diagnosis of C. perfringens type A
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large # in the stool
ELISA detection of the toxin |
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treatment of C. perfringens type A
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fluid replacement
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what is enteritis necroticans caused by
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C. perfringens type C
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what is enteritis necroticans
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a much more severe form of food poisoning caused by C. perfringens type C
Beta enterotoxin may be fatal |
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gen charicteristice of Bacillus cereus
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G- rod
aerobic spore forming motile |
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what are the two forms of disease caused by Bacillus cereus and what makes the difference
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Emetic- preformed toxin ingestion
diarrheal form- ingestion of the vegetative cells |
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virulence factors for Bacillus cereus
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two forms of enterotoxin
one heat stable |
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treatment of disease caused by Bacillus cereus
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none
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key epidemiologic factor for Bacillus cereus
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RICE!!!
found in grains and veg |
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clinical manifestation of Staph. aureus foodborne disease
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emetic and diarrheal
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epidemiology of Staph. aureus foodborne disease
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preformed toxin in food - heat stable
common foods: Potato salad custard processed meat canned food |
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virulence factor for Staph. aureus foodborne disease
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enterotoxin A- heat stable
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treatment of Staph. aureus foodborne disease
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Nothing
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